Who recovered from rmzh. Breast cancer is not a death sentence. Conditional radical treatment
Can Breast Cancer Be Cured Completely? This question daily worries the female half of the population, whose representatives are faced with a terrible diagnosis: breast cancer. This is not surprising, because breast oncology is one of the most serious diseases, the victims of which are women of all ages and social strata every year.
The cancer factor does not choose a woman with any specific signs, but all those who become ill throughout the treatment process live with one question: is breast cancer being treated? Of course, you always want to reassure the patient, and say only kind, warm words about a speedy recovery, and her further return to her usual way of life. In practice, unfortunately, there are not always positive predictions for survival, and this also needs to be discussed.
Can breast cancer be cured?
The statistics of the treatment of this oncological disease says that cancer is curable, but getting rid of this ailment depends not only on the professionalism of the doctors and the correctly chosen cancer center, within the walls of which the treatment will be carried out, but also on a number of factors. It is worth considering the basic aspects that influence the healing of this serious illness:
- Timely appeal of a woman to a specialized doctor in case of detection of primary symptoms of breast cancer. This is a key factor that has a tremendous impact on the perspective of the entire treatment process. The sooner treatment begins, the higher the patient's chances of survival.
- Regular scheduled medical examinations. Self-palpation of the breast to identify extraneous formations.
- Healthy lifestyle. Absence of bad habits, both before the illness and during the treatment itself.
- Undergoing therapy in specialized center to combat cancer of this category.
- Quality medicines designed to suppress tumor cells.
- Professional approach to treatment by medical personnel.
- Balanced nutrition, unswerving fulfillment of all instructions that come from the attending physician.
- Support of family and friends.
On average, 85% of women diagnosed with breast cancer exit the fight with the tumor - the winner. The main thing to remember is that everyone is responsible for their state of health and timely seeking medical help.
Informative video
Breast cancer (carcinoma)- the most common malignant tumor of the mammary glands.
The disease is characterized by a high prevalence. In developed countries, it occurs in 10% of women. European countries are in the lead. The lowest prevalence of breast cancer was noted in Japan.
Some Epidemiological Evidence for Breast Cancer:
- most cases of the disease are registered after the age of 45;
- after 65 years of age, the risk of developing breast carcinoma increases 5.8 times, and in comparison with young age (up to 30 years) increases 150 times;
- most often, the lesion is localized in the upper outer part of the mammary gland, closer to the armpit;
- 99% of all patients with breast carcinoma are women, 1% are men;
- isolated cases of the disease in children are described;
- mortality in this neoplasm is 19 - 25% of all other malignant tumors;
- breast cancer is one of the most common tumors in women today.
At the moment, there is an increase in the incidence worldwide. At the same time, in a number of developed countries there are downward trends due to well-organized screening (mass screening of women) and early detection.
Breast Cancer Causes
There are many factors that contribute to the development of breast carcinoma. But almost all of them are associated with two types of disorders: increased activity of female sex hormones (estrogens) or genetic disorders.Factors that increase the risk of developing breast cancer:
- female;
- unfavorable heredity (the presence of cases of the disease in close relatives);
- the beginning of menstruation before 12 years or their end later than 55 years, their presence for more than 40 years (this indicates an increased activity of estrogens);
- the absence of pregnancy or its onset for the first time after 35 years;
- malignant tumors in other organs (in the uterus, ovaries, salivary glands);
- various mutations in genes;
- the effect of ionizing radiation (radiation): radiation therapy with various diseases, living in an area with an increased radiation background, frequent fluorography for tuberculosis, occupational hazards, etc.;
- other diseases of the mammary glands: benign tumors, nodular forms of mastopathy;
- the action of carcinogens (chemicals that can provoke malignant tumors), some viruses (so far these points are poorly understood);
- high growth of a woman;
- low physical activity;
- alcohol abuse, smoking;
- hormone therapy in high doses and for a long time;
- constant use of hormonal contraceptives;
Usually, malignant tumors of the mammary glands are heterogeneous. They are made up of different types of cells that multiply at different rates and respond differently to treatment. As a result, it is often difficult to predict how the disease will develop. Sometimes all the symptoms grow rapidly, and sometimes the tumor grows slowly, without leading to noticeable disturbances for a long time.
The first signs of breast cancer
Like other malignant tumors, breast cancer is very difficult to detect at an early stage. For a long time, the disease is not accompanied by any symptoms. Its signs are often discovered by accident. Symptoms for which you need to see a doctor immediately:
- breast pain that does not have apparent reasons and persists for a long time;
- feeling of discomfort for a long time;
- lumps in the mammary gland;
- change in the shape and size of the breast, swelling, deformation, the appearance of asymmetry;
- deformities of the nipple: most often it becomes inverted;
- nipple discharge: bloody or yellow color;
- changes in the skin in a certain place: it becomes retracted, begins to peel off or wrinkle, its color changes;
- a dimple, a depression that appears on the mammary gland, if you raise your hand up;
- swollen lymph nodes in the armpit, above or below the collarbone;
- swelling in the shoulder, in the area of the breast.
- Regular self-examination. A woman should be able to properly examine her breasts and identify the first signs of a malignant neoplasm.
- Regular doctor visits. It is necessary to visit a mammologist (specialist in the field of breast diseases) for examination at least once a year.
- Women over 40 are advised to undergo regular mammography - an X-ray scan aimed at early detection of breast cancer.
How to properly examine your breasts on your own?
A self-examination of the mammary glands takes about 30 minutes. It needs to be done 1 - 2 times a month. Sometimes pathological changes are not felt immediately, so it is advisable to keep a diary and note in it the data, your feelings based on the results of each self-examination.Examination of the mammary glands should be carried out on the 5-7th day of the menstrual cycle, preferably on the same days.
Visual inspection
This should be done in a warm, bright room that has a mirror. Undress to the waist and stand straight in front of the mirror, so that you can clearly see the howling chest. Relax and even out your breathing. Pay attention to the following points:- Are the right and left breasts symmetrically located?
- has one mammary gland enlarged in comparison with the other (it is worth remembering that normally the size of the right and left mammary glands may differ slightly)?
- Does the skin look normal, are there any suspicious areas with a changed appearance?
- Do the nipples look normal?
- not noticed anything else suspicious?
Groping
Feeling of the chest can be carried out in a standing or lying position, whichever is more convenient. If possible, it is better to do it in two positions. The examination is done with your fingertips. The pressure on the chest should not be too strong: it should be sufficient so that changes in the consistency of the mammary glands can be felt. First, one mammary gland is palpated, then the second. Start from the nipple, then move the fingers outward. For convenience, you can feel in front of the mirror, conventionally dividing the mammary gland into 4 parts.
Points to look out for:
The general consistency of the mammary glands - has it become denser since the last examination?
- the presence of seals, nodes in the tissue of the gland;
- the presence of changes, seals in the nipple;
If changes are found, you must contact one of the specialists:
With the help of self-examination, it is possible to identify not only breast cancer, but also benign neoplasms, mastopathy. If you find something suspicious, this does not mean the presence of a malignant tumor. An accurate diagnosis can be made only after examination. For the purpose of early diagnosis of breast cancer, women over 40 are recommended to undergo three examinations annually:
- Mammography - X-rays of the breast. Identify the existing seals in the tissue. Digital mammography is a modern method.
- Determination of the level of female sex hormones - estrogens. If it is high, there is an increased risk of developing breast cancer.
- Tumor marker CA 15-3 is a substance that is produced by breast carcinoma cells.
Symptoms and appearance of different forms of breast cancer
| Nodular breast cancer | A painless dense formation is felt in the thickness of the mammary gland. It may be round or irregular in shape, grows evenly in different directions... The tumor is adhered to the surrounding tissues, therefore, when a woman raises her hands, a depression forms on the mammary gland in the appropriate place. The skin in the area of the tumor shrinks. In the later stages, its surface begins to resemble a lemon peel, and ulcers appear on it. Over time, the tumor leads to an increase in the size of the breast. What does nodular breast cancer look like? |
| Edematous-infiltrative form | This form of breast cancer is most common in young women. Pain sensations are most often absent or mild. There is a seal that occupies almost the entire volume of the mammary gland. Symptoms:
 |
| Carapace cancer | The tumor grows through the entire glandular tissue and adipose tissue. Sometimes the process goes to the opposite side, to the second mammary gland. Symptoms:
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| Paget's cancer | A special form of breast cancer occurs in 3-5% of cases. Symptoms:
|
Breast cancer grades
Breast cancer grades are determined according to the generally accepted TNM system, in which each letter is designated:- T is the state of the primary tumor;
- M - metastases to other organs;
- N - metastases to regional lymph nodes.
| The degree of the tumor process | Main characteristics |
| T x | The doctor does not have enough data to assess the condition of the tumor. |
| T 0 | No tumor was found in the mammary gland. |
| T 1 | A tumor with a diameter of not more than 2 cm in the largest dimension. |
| T 2 | A tumor that has a diameter of 2 to 5 cm in greatest dimension |
| T 3 | The tumor is larger than 5 cm. |
| T 4 | Tumor invading the wall chest or skin. |
| N |
|
| N x | The doctor does not have enough information to assess the condition of the lymph nodes. |
| N 0 | There are no signs indicating the spread of the process to the lymph nodes. |
| N 1 | Metastases in axillary lymph nodes, in one or more. In this case, the lymph nodes are not adhered to the skin, they are easily displaced. |
| N 2 | Axillary lymph node metastases. In this case, the nodes are soldered to each other or to the surrounding tissues, they are displaced with difficulty. |
| N 3 | Metastases in periosternal lymph nodes on the side of the defeat. |
| M |
|
| M x | The doctor does not have data that would help to judge tumor metastases in other organs. |
| M 0 | There are no signs of metastases in other organs. |
| M 1 | The presence of distant metastases. |
Of course, only a doctor can classify a tumor to one stage or another according to the TNM classification after an examination. Further treatment tactics will depend on this.
Classification depending on the location of the tumor:
- breast skin;
- nipple and areola (skin around the nipple);
- upper inner quadrant of the breast;
- the lower inner quadrant of the mammary gland;
- upper outer quadrant of the mammary gland;
- the lower outer quadrant of the mammary gland;
- the posterior axillary part of the mammary gland;
- the location of the tumor cannot be clarified.
Breast cancer diagnostics
Inspection
Diagnosis of malignant breast tumors begins with an examination by an oncologist or mammologist. During the examination, the doctor:
- asks the woman in detail, try to get the most complete information about the course of the disease, factors that could contribute to its occurrence;
- will inspect and palpate (palpate) the mammary glands in the supine position, standing with hands down and up.
Instrumental diagnostic methods
| Diagnostic method | Description | How is it done? | |
| Mammography- the diagnostics section that deals with non-invasive(without cuts and punctures) by examination internal structure breast. | |||
| X-ray mammography | X-ray examination of the mammary gland is carried out using devices that generate low-intensity radiation. Today mammography is considered the main method for early diagnosis of breast cancer. Has an accuracy of 92%. In European countries, X-ray mammography is mandatory and regularly performed in all women over the age of 45. In Russia, it is compulsory for women over 40 years old, but in practice it is not carried out for everyone. X-ray mammography is best for detecting tumors 2 to 5 cm in size. An indirect sign of a malignant neoplasm is a large number of calcifications - accumulations of calcium salts, which are well contrasted in the images. If they are found more than 15 per cm 2, then this is the reason for further examination.  | The study is carried out in the same way as a conventional X-ray. A woman strips naked to the waist, leans against a special table, puts her mammary gland on it, after which a picture is taken. X-ray mammography machines must meet the requirements established by the WHO. Types of X-ray mammography:
 |
|
| MRI mammography | MRI mammography - examination of the mammary glands using magnetic resonance imaging. Advantages of MRI mammography over X-ray tomography:
 | Before examining, you must remove all metal objects from yourself. Do not take any electronics, since the magnetic field that the device generates can disable it. If the patient has any metal implants (pacemaker, joint prostheses, etc.), the doctor should be warned - this is a contraindication to the study. The patient is placed in the apparatus in a horizontal position. She must be stationary throughout the study. The time is determined by the doctor. |
|
| Ultrasound mammography | Ultrasound examination is currently an additional method for diagnosing malignant neoplasms of the mammary glands, although it has a number of advantages over radiography. For example, it allows you to take pictures in different projections, does not have a harmful effect on the body. The main indications for the use of ultrasound diagnostics in breast cancer:
 | The technique is no different from a conventional ultrasound. The doctor uses a special sensor that is applied to the breast. The image is transmitted to the monitor, can be recorded or printed. During an ultrasound examination of the mammary glands, Doppler ultrasonography and duplex scanning can be performed. |
|
| Computed tomography mammography | The study is a computed tomography of the mammary glands. Advantages of CT mammography over X-ray mammography:
The study is worse than X-ray mammography, reveals small structures and calcifications.  | The study is carried out in the same way as a conventional computed tomography. The patient is placed on a special table inside the apparatus. She must be motionless during the entire study.  |
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| Biopsy- excision of a fragment of breast tissue, followed by examination under a microscope. |
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| Puncture biopsy | The accuracy of the technique is 80 - 85%. In 20 - 25% of cases, a false result is obtained. | A fragment of breast tissue for examination is obtained using a syringe or a special aspiration gun. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. Depending on the thickness of the needle, there are two types of puncture biopsy:
 |
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| Trepanobiopsy | Trepanobiopsy of the mammary glands is performed in cases when it is necessary to obtain more material for research. The doctor receives a piece of breast tissue in the form of a column. | Trepanobiopsy is performed using special tool consisting of a cannula with a mandrel, into which a rod with a cutter is inserted. The intervention is performed under local anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision in the skin and inserts a trepanobiopsy instrument through it. When the tip of the incisor reaches the tumor, it is pulled out of the cannula. With the help of a cannula, a column of tissues is cut off, and it is removed. After receiving the material, the wound is carefully coagulated to prevent the spread of cancer cells. During research in the laboratory, it is possible to determine the sensitivity of tumor cells to steroid hormones (which include estrogens). This helps with the further choice of treatment tactics.  |
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| Excisional biopsy | Excision - complete removal of the tumor with the surrounding tissues. The whole mass is sent to the laboratory for research. This makes it possible to detect tumor cells at the border of the incision, to study the sensitivity of the tumor to sex hormones. | The surgeon removes the tumor with the surrounding tissue during surgery. Thus, an excisional biopsy is both a therapeutic and a diagnostic procedure. |
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| Stereotactic biopsy | During a stereotaxic biopsy, samples are taken from several different sites through a single needle. | The procedure is similar to a conventional needle biopsy. It is always done under the supervision of an x-ray mammogram. The needle is inserted at a certain place, a sample is obtained, then it is pulled, the angle of inclination is changed and again inserted, now in a different place. Multiple samples are taken to make the diagnosis more accurate. |
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Laboratory methods for diagnosing breast cancer
| Study | Description | Methodology |
| Determination of the oncomarker CA 15-3 in the blood (synonym: carbohydrate antigen 15-3, carbohydrate Antigen 15-3, cancer Antigen 15-3) | Tumor markers - various substances, which are determined in the blood of malignant neoplasms. Various tumors are characterized by their own tumor markers. CA 15-3 is an antigen located on the surface of mammary gland ducts and secreting cells. Its content in the blood is increased in 10% of women with early stages of breast cancer and in 70% with tumors accompanied by metastases. Indications for the study:
| For the study, blood is taken from a vein. You must not smoke for half an hour before taking the test. |
| Cytological examination of nipple discharge | If a woman has nipple discharge, then they can be sent for laboratory testing. When viewed under a microscope, tumor cells can be detected. You can also make an imprint of the nipple crust.
| When examining the discharge from the nipple under a microscope, cells characteristic of a malignant tumor are revealed. |
Breast cancer treatment
Breast Cancer Treatment:- surgical;
- chemotherapy;
- hormone therapy;
- immunotherapy;
- radiation therapy.
Usually carried out combination treatment using two or more methods.
Surgery
Surgery is the main treatment for breast cancer. Currently, oncologists are trying to perform less voluminous interventions, preserve breast tissue as much as possible, complementing surgical methods with radiation and drug therapy. Types of breast cancer surgery:
- Radical mastectomy: complete removal of the mammary gland along with adipose tissue and adjacent lymph nodes. This version of the operation is the most radical.
- Radical resection: removal of the breast sector along with the subcutaneous fatty tissue and lymph nodes. Currently, surgeons are increasingly giving preference to this particular variant of surgical intervention, since radical mastectomy practically does not prolong the life of patients compared with resection... The intervention is necessarily complemented by radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
- Quadrantectomy- removal of the tumor itself and surrounding tissues within a radius of 2 - 3 cm, as well as nearby lymph nodes. This surgery can only be performed on early stages tumors. The excised tumor is sent for biopsy without fail.
- Lumpectomy- the smallest operation, during which the tumor and lymph nodes are removed separately. The surgical study was developed during the research of the National Breast Surgery Supplement Project (NSABBP, USA). The conditions for the intervention are the same as for the quadranttectomy.
Radiation therapy
Types of radiation therapy, depending on the timing:| Name | Description |
| Preoperative | Intensive short-term irradiation courses are conducted. Goals of Preoperative Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer:
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| Postoperative | The main goal of radiation therapy in postoperative period- to prevent recurrence of the tumor. Places that are irradiated during postoperative radiation therapy:
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| Intraoperative | Radiation therapy can be used directly during surgery if the surgeon is trying to preserve the breast tissue as much as possible. This is advisable at the stage of the tumor:
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| Self | Indications for the use of gamma therapy without surgery:
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| Interstitial | The radiation source is brought directly to the tumor. Interstitial radiation therapy is used in combination with external beam therapy (when the source is at a distance), mainly for nodular forms of cancer. The purpose of the method: deliver as much radiation as possible to the tumor in order to destroy it as much as possible. |
Areas that may be exposed to radiation:
- directly the tumor itself;
- lymph nodes located in the armpit;
- lymph nodes located above and below the collarbone;
- lymph nodes located in the sternum.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy – drug treatment breast cancer in which cytostatics are used. These medicines destroy cancer cells and suppress their reproduction. Cytostatics are drugs with numerous side effects... Therefore, they are always prescribed strictly in accordance with the established regulations and taking into account the characteristics of the disease.
The main cytostatics used in malignant tumors of the mammary glands:
- adriblastin;
- methotrexate;
- 5-fluorouracil;
- paclitaxel;
- cyclophosphamide;
- docetaxel;
- xeloda.
- CMF (Cyclophosphamide, Fluorouracil, Methotrexate);
- CAF (Cyclophosphamide, Fluorouracil, Adriablastin);
- FAC (Fluorouracil, Cyclophosphamide, Adriablastin).
Hormone therapy
The main goal of hormone therapy is to exclude the effect of female sex hormones (estrogens) on the tumor. The techniques are used only in the case of tumors that are sensitive to hormones.Hormone therapy methods:
| Method | Description |
| Removal of the ovaries | After the removal of the ovaries, the level of estrogen in the body drops sharply. The method is effective in one third of patients. It is used at the age of 15 - 55 years. |
"Medicinal castration" drugs:
| Drugs suppress the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the pituitary gland, which activates the production of estrogen by the ovaries. The method is effective in one third of women aged 32 to 45 years. |
Anti-estrogen drugs:
| Antiestrogens are drugs that suppress the function of estrogens. Effective in 30% - 60% of women aged 16 to 45 years. |
Medicines that suppress the aromatase enzyme:
| The aromatase enzyme is involved in the formation of steroid hormones, including the female sex hormones estrone and estradiol. By suppressing the activity of aromatase, these drugs reduce estrogenic effects. |
Progestins (gestagens):
| Progestins are a group of female sex hormones that interact not only with their own receptors on the surface of cells, but also with receptors for estrogens, thereby partially blocking their action. Medicines containing progestins are prescribed between the ages of 9 and 67 and have an efficacy of 30%. |
| Androgens are preparations of male sex hormones. | Androgens suppress the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which activates the production of estrogen in the ovaries. The method is effective in 20% of girls and women aged 10 to 38 years. |
How does a doctor choose the tactics for treating breast cancer?
A treatment plan for breast cancer is drawn up individually. Features that a doctor should consider:
- the size of the neoplasm;
- the presence of metastases in the lymph nodes;
- germination into neighboring organs, the presence of distant metastases;
- data laboratory research, characterizing the cellular composition, the degree of tumor malignancy.
What alternative methods of treatment can be used for breast cancer?
Modern treatments provide good prognosis for most women with breast cancer. So, at the beginning of treatment at stage I, about 95% of patients live longer than 5 years. Many have seen full recovery.Traditional methods are not able to provide an effective fight against the tumor process. Self-medication delays the visit to the doctor. Often such patients turn to a specialist when there are already distant metastases in the lymph nodes. Moreover, 70% of patients do not survive for 3 years.
The only correct decision for a patient with suspected breast cancer is to see a doctor as early as possible, carry out diagnostics and, if necessary, start treatment in an oncological clinic.
The question that a woman asks her attending physician is today redirected to the pages of popular magazines, to medical websites on the Internet. It is said a lot, at length, and almost everything is correct. You should read, find your own criteria, and draw conclusions only for yourself. Psychologists provide such advice to familiarize yourself with popular medical information regarding breast cancer treatment. Each person should understand that the development of a cancerous tumor in the mammary gland is a purely individual process, which was determined by his own life factors. Of course, there are general medical findings, but they can also have an individual interpretation for each individual woman.
According to statistics, breast tumors develop in every ninth woman. The statistics are serious enough not to pay attention to them. Therefore, the doubts of women who rush to the examination are understandable, the fears of women who have already been diagnosed with a tumor are understandable. However, doctors cannot give an unambiguous answer to the question "can breast cancer be treated?" Even in the case of early diagnosis and definitely a favorable outcome of the treatment of breast cancer, experts with some degree of apprehension give any predictions. After all, there remains the likelihood of relapses, which are difficult to predict and even more so to assume the further course of the disease.
Can breast cancer be cured?
According to world statistics, breast cancer is considered a completely curable disease. Therefore, the doctor at the patient's appointment confidently says that this is not fatal diagnosis, it is necessary to persist in treatment, after treatment to be regularly examined, to strive for recovery, because today experts say that breast cancer is curable.
Psychologists add their weighty word to the opinion of diagnosticians and oncologists: positive thinking, an inner attitude towards a favorable outcome of the disease significantly prolongs life. Thoughts about a happy and painless future exclude the formation of a depressive syndrome, because it is known that depression does not lead to good.Only if you can put positive.
It should be remembered that the treatment will be prescribed only individually, since the development of a tumor in each particular woman gives its own picture of the disease associated with:
- with histology,
- with the size and location of the tumor,
- with anatomical growth parameters,
- with the woman's age, her state of health,
- with the presence of metastases,
- with a genetic picture.
And in each a separate case the doctor draws up his own picture of the disease, according to which forecasts are made and an answer is given to the woman's question, who is necessarily interested in whether breast cancer can be cured.
Breast cancer is curable
The only real way to prevent, further successful treatment, and reduce mortality today is considered to be early diagnosis. For women, this is a mandatory annual examination by a gynecologist. The doctor, with the help of palpation, determines the condition of the mammary glands and, at the slightest suspicion, sends them for additional examination.
According to the annual medical examination program, women are encouraged to undergo an examination such as an X-ray mammography, which "sees" the onset of the disease much earlier than the first visible or tangible symptoms appear.You just need not to neglect the provided examination opportunity, as a conclusion - not to neglect your own health.
There is the option of removing or removing all cancer cells (tumors). This option is the most reliable, but it is acceptable when all cancer cells are in one place. Then - by removing part or all of the organ - you can achieve 100% recovery. That is why the patient is examined before starting treatment - they check the lungs, liver, bones, lymph nodes - for the spread of the tumor to other organs (metastases).
If no metastases are found, the patient is offered an operation.
Our department specializes in breast cancer surgery:
Curative therapy
Therapeutic chemotherapy and / or hormone therapy is aimed at slowing the growth of the tumor and its metastases in inoperable cases. Such treatment is aimed at creating conditions for the longest possible coexistence of a patient with a tumor: if it cannot be cured, then it is necessary to prolong life, reduce the likelihood of pain, complications, create maximum conditions to reduce suffering from the disease.
The goal of non-surgical treatments is to improve outcomes surgical treatment, reduce the likelihood of a return of the disease, lengthen the life of patients, improve their quality of life.
Chemotherapy, hormone therapy, radiation are prescribed for
A malignant tumor can invade the lymph and blood vessels of the breast (embolize them). If this happens, then tumor cells can "break away" with the flow of blood or lymph and "fly away" from the primary tumor to a new place. There, about 10% of these cells "take root", from which the tumor then grows. This is metastasis.
Before the operation, some examinations are aimed specifically at detecting such foci (examination of the lungs, liver, bones and lymph nodes). If metastatic foci are not identified, a radical operation is proposed, in the hope that these foci are not present and in fact. (However, they may simply not have been visible due to their small size.)
After the operation to remove the tumor, its aggressive properties are evaluated in order to identify the likelihood of the presence of metastases that were not detected during the preoperative examination. The likelihood of this is indirectly determined by the degree of involvement of the lymph nodes (according to the results of their histological examination). If this probability is regarded as high enough, then the patient is offered different kinds additional treatment - chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy. These methods of treatment are aimed at the death (or delay in the development) of possible metastases, which have not yet manifested themselves in any way.
How does chemotherapy work?
Chemotherapy drugs are injected into a vein in the form of injections or droppers, or they are taken by mouth, hormone therapy is in the form of tablets and injections. Subsequently, drugs circulate in the bloodstream, penetrate into the lymph and tissues, disrupting the processes of normal division of active tissues (mainly tumor, as the most actively dividing, but including in the bone marrow, disrupting hematopoiesis; the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, causing specific disorders). Patients are particularly frightened by these possible manifestations of chemotherapy toxicity. Usually they imagine that they will have all these manifestations of toxicity at once and precisely to a severe degree. This is not true. The manifestations of toxicity appear gradually, with the accumulation of the dose of the administered drugs, but may not appear at all. Chemotherapy drugs are administered rhythmically, on certain days, in order to healing effect was maximum. To eliminate the manifestations of toxicity, there are a lot of modern drugs. The patient's task is to inform his doctor immediately when the first signs of any discomfort appear, or when the preventive measures used are ineffective.
How to preserve veins during chemotherapy
To preserve the veins and facilitate the administration of chemotherapy drugs during chemotherapy, special implantable ports are used.
How to properly treat breast cancer (BC)
Correct cancer treatment is possible only with the joint efforts of a surgeon, radiologist and chemotherapist - with a comprehensive approach. To do this, you need to clearly know about the prevalence of the oncological process.
I cured breast cancer for my mother, and for myself old mastopathy,
ready to go into a malignant formation - in a very simple way.
Mom's cancer was diagnosed by a doctor whom I
I called to the house, when I saw a terrible wound on my mother's chest, from which flowed
ichor. Mom was ashamed to show me this wound, and I inadvertently
I saw it and I was in shock.
The doctor immediately wrote a referral to the Oncology Center,
but my mother categorically refused to go there. And the next day when I
told the situation to her older friend, she gave me a recipe,
which made it possible to extend my mother's life by another three years. And it was her
at that time seventy-five.
Since then, I GIVE THIS RECIPE to everyone:
you need to buy birch tar and a pipette at the pharmacy. It costs no more than 50
rubles. Every morning you need to start with the fact that, when warmed up, not before
boil milk - half a cup - drip a drop of tar, stir and drink.
On an empty stomach. In about an hour, there is what you want, but it is better to hold back, do not
eating fried meat. The next day, drop two drops and so on until
fifteen. Then drip in descending order - from fifteen to one.
Accordingly, the course is a month. At this time, it is useful to prepare juices from five
types of fruits and vegetables, for example: cabbage, carrots, beets, garlic,
Apple. Freshly squeezed beets should sit in the refrigerator for two hours.
I drank the course with my mother, cooked for two so that she would not be offended
one to be treated. Already at the eleventh drop, I felt that the vessels in
breasts softened, not palpable, as if they were stuffed with straw, the breast itself
became elastic and the severity characteristic of mastopathy disappeared - as if
someone presses on the chest. Mom's wound began to heal as the drops decreased, and in
the end of the course has practically healed. I also made her compresses from infusion
celandine. And an enema of celandine with chamomile. Celandine is absolutely necessary
a little - a couple of dry leaves per half liter. If you drink. And on a compress a little
a little more.
Over the course of a year, my mother and I repeated the course three times every
two months for the third. Mom left for the Other World three years later from an acute
heart failure, because one stupid woman is her wife
She told her sibling, - I got it. You can die. Why do I then
kicked out of her house.
Doctors diagnosed a massive heart attack, but no
There was no trace of cancer in my mother's body.
I also know other women who, using this recipe,
still live and work happily.
What I wish for you too!
Reviews
The wise folk recipes helped many. Already the fact that you disinterestedly share them with others, thank you. It's a purely personal matter: to accept or not.
May happiness accompany you, and kindness be in union with it.
The other day I found out - a friend of my youth died of breast cancer. Why? All her life she endured and forgave her husband for infidelity, she had to be hypocritical all the time in order to keep her career, to seek compromises in the most cruel circumstances of life. It seems to me that if a lie gradually fills all the niches of fate, cancer develops rapidly and mercilessly. I am very sorry for her, she was beautiful, gentle and sensitive. Her husband - a kind of macho - walker and liar, cynical and arrogant, enjoyed her patience and loyalty. In fact, cancer occurs where a person tolerates lies, humiliation, bitterness of insults - it becomes unbearable. Kindness is a dangerous criterion, it often turns the inside out of false values ... Starting to fight cancer, we thus begin to fight with imaginary kindness.
I am grateful to you for your participation. I am convinced that any self-interest is punishable by any disease ... Thank you!
You're right: everything has its limits, including kindness. Doing good deeds, sometimes we break the given program.
And greed is a punishable factor.
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