Hospitable Serbia on the world map. Serbia map in Russian Where is Serbia on the map of Europe

The history of Serbia dates back to the 6th century, from the moment of the settlement of the western part of the Balkan Peninsula by the ancient Slavs. In the VIII-IX centuries, the first proto-state formations of the Serbs arose - the Serbian principality, Duklja, Zahumje, Travunia and Pagania. At the end of the 12th century, the Serbian state liberated itself from the power of Byzantium and by the middle of the 14th century developed into a major power, covering almost the entire southwestern part of the Balkans. Medieval Serbia flourished during the reign of Stefan Dušan (1331-1355). However, after his death, the state collapsed. In 1389, the troops of the Serbian princes were defeated in the battle on the Kosovo field, which led to the recognition of Serbia's suzerainty Ottoman Empire... Finally, Serbia was conquered by the Turks in 1459 and for the next 350 years the Serbian lands were under the rule of the Ottoman Empire. The northern regions from the end of the 17th century were part of the Austrian Empire.

As a result of the First Serbian Uprising (1804-1813), a Serbian principality was formed. In 1813, the uprising was suppressed. The second Serbian uprising, which began in 1815, was more successful, and fifteen years later the Sultan officially recognized Milos Obrenovic as the ruler of Serbia. In 1878, on July 13, under the terms of the Berlin Peace, Serbia gained independence, in 1882 it was proclaimed a kingdom. By the beginning of the 20th century, a parliamentary monarchy had developed in Serbia, and a rapid rise in the economy and culture began.

Resettlement of Serbs in Yugoslavia

Data for 1981. Territories where Serbs accounted for more than 50% of the population

Other territories

As a result of the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), the territories of Kosovo, part of Macedonia and a significant part of Sandzak were included in Serbia. In World War I, Serbia sided with the Entente countries. During the war, Serbia lost, according to some estimates, up to a third of its population. After the end of the war, Serbia became the core of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (from 1929 - the Kingdom of Yugoslavia). During the Second World War, the territory of Serbia was occupied by German troops from April 1941, part of the territory of the state was transferred to the satellites of Germany - Hungary and Bulgaria, as well as Albania. By 1945, Serbia was liberated by the Soviet Army, partisan and regular units of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia.

In 1945, the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia was proclaimed (since 1963 - the SFRY), as part of which the People's Republic of Serbia was formed (since 1963 - Socialist republic Serbia).

The growth of interethnic confrontation, separatist uprisings led in the early 1990s to a series of civil wars and the collapse of Yugoslavia. The long period in power of the Socialist Party of Serbia ended in 2000 after the NATO air bombing of Serbian cities (1999) and the deployment of UN peacekeeping forces in Kosovo. In 2006, after a referendum held in Montenegro, the state union of Serbia and Montenegro ceased to exist, the Republic of Serbia lost access to the sea.

The state of Serbia is located in the southeastern part of Europe in the center of the Balkan Peninsula. A small area, about 20% of the total area of the country, is spread over the Middle Danube plain.

Detailed map Serbia gives an idea of the administrative division, landscape, roads, neighboring states. The northern neighbor is Hungary, the northeastern - Romania, in the east Serbia borders with Bulgaria, in the south - with Macedonia, in the south-west - with Montenegro and Albania, and the western borders run near Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The state acquired its modern territorial appearance in 2006 after the collapse of the state Union of Serbia and Montenegro. Today the area of Serbia is 88,361 sq. km.

Serbia on the world map: geography, nature and climate

Serbia occupies the twentieth place in terms of area among European countries.

About 80% of the Republic is located on the territory of the Balkan Peninsula. Serbia on the world map occupies a central position in the South-Eastern part of Europe, having no access to the sea.

Of the total length of borders, which is 2.364 thousand km, 0.794 thousand km pass along rivers and lakes. The main navigable river in Serbia - Danube, the basin of which is 588 km. Available for shipping:

Sava;
Yew;
Run.

Partially navigable are: Bolshaya Morava and Tamish. In total, 15 rivers with a length of more than 100 km flow through the territory of the state, 7 rivers with a length of more than 200 km and about 7 - less than 100 km.

All natural waterways of Serbia, which can be seen on the map of Serbia in Russian, refer to the basins of three seas:

Aegean (2.2%);
Adriatic (5.3%);
Black (92.5%).

The world's largest land reclamation system in Serbia - Danube - Tisza - Danube unites the Bolshoi and Maly Bach canals.

The largest lakes in the country include artificial Djerdap on the Danube and natural Beloe, located in the Banat region. In total, there are more than 100 different lakes in the state.

Geographic characteristic

Serbia is distinguished by a variety of terrain, characterized by the fertile plains of Vojvodina, mountains in the southeast and rolling hills with small mountains in the central part. Several mountain ranges stand out, covering most of Central Serbia and Kosovo:

Dinar highlands in the west of the country, divided into 7 mountain ranges;
Rhodope- the oldest mountains in the Balkans, surrounding the rivers Morava and South Morava;
Carpathian-Balkan uplands stretching in the east of Serbia to the border with Bulgaria.

Highest points of Serbia:

Jerawitsa(2656 m above sea level), located in the territory of Kosovo;
Pancic Peak(2017 m), a mountain peak located in the central part of the country.

Natural vegetation is represented by deciduous and coniferous forests in the highlands and the Pannonian steppes in the Central Danube plain.

The fauna is represented by deer, roe deer, wild boars, hares, European ground squirrels, bears and roe deer. The forested slopes of Fruska Gora serve as nesting places for many birds, including the black kite, the burial eagle, white and black storks, and Saker Falcons.

Country climate

Geographical position and topography are important factors that have determined the country's climate. Most of the territory of Serbia is dominated by a continental type of climate, characterized in the northern regions by hot summers and long winters with low temperatures. In the south, a temperate continental climate prevails, and mountainous regions are characterized by a mountainous climate. The coldest month of the year is January, with an average temperature of –1–2 ° C, and the warmest is July (23–25 ° C). The minimum temperature in January is -25 0 С, the maximum temperature in July is 50 0 С.

Serbia map with cities. Administrative division of the country

On the map of Serbia with cities in Russian, the names of the administrative units of the state are given.

Administrative divisions

The territory of the Republic of Serbia is subdivided into administrative territorial units, including 2 autonomous edges, 29 counties and 211 communities... In the districts, with the exception of the Belgrade district, there is no local self-government, while the city councils serve as representative bodies in the cities, and community meetings in the communities.

Autonomous edges are:

Vojvodina, consisting of 7 districts;
Kosovo and Metohija, which includes 5 districts.

The remaining 17 districts are located in Central Serbia.

The districts are divided into communities: 45 in Vojvodina, 29 in the Autonomous Prefecture of Kosovo and Metohija, and 137 in the central part of the Republic of Serbia.

On the territory of the state, there are 6158 small settlements, 195 urban-type settlements and 27 cities.

Belgrade

The capital of the Serbian Republic, the city of Belgrade, is located in the central part of the country. Height above sea level - 116.75 meters. The city is built on the banks of two rivers, at the confluence of the Sava with the Danube and simultaneously occupies the territory of the Balkans and Central Europe.

Belgrade is characterized by hilly terrain and a humid subtropical climate with mild and warm winters.

Novi Sad

The city is located in the northern part of Serbia, it is the administrative center of Vojvodina. The multinational Novi Sad, founded in 1694, stretches along the banks of the Danube. The famous Danube - Tisza - Danube canal stretches across the city.

Pristina

The capital of Kosovo, Pristina, is located west of the Golyak mountain range in the Koso Pole intermountain basin in the south of the Republic of Serbia. It is the largest city in the autonomous region and the partially recognized Republic of Kosovo. The climate is continental with warm summers and cool snowy winters.

Where is Serbia located on the world map. Detailed map of Serbia in Russian online. Satellite map Serbia with cities and resorts. Serbia on the world map is a European country located in the very heart of the Balkan Peninsula.

The capital of Serbia is Belgrade, the official language is Serbian. There are two autonomous regions in Serbia - Kosovo and Vojvodina. Despite the fact that Serbia is a landlocked country, it is very conveniently located on the Danube River.

Map of Serbia in Russian with detailed cities:

Serbia - Wikipedia:

Serbia population- 7 001 444 people (2017)
Capital of Serbia- Belgrade
The largest cities in Serbia- Belgrade, Novi Sad, Pristina, Nis, Kragujevac
Serbia dialing code - 381
The language used in Serbia- Serbian language

Serbia climate varies by region. In the north it is a continental temperate climate, in the south and east it is Mediterranean. In summer, it is usually hot and dry throughout Serbia, and cool in winter. The average summer temperatures are +24 ... + 26 C. In winter, it is much colder - +3 ....- 7 C.

Coming to Serbia first of all, it is worth going to the capital Belgrade - one of the oldest cities in Europe, the history of which dates back to BC. The main attractions of Belgrade are Kalemegdan - the oldest part of the city, where the ancient fortress and excavations are located. Another interesting place in the capital is the Skadarlija quarter, which is considered the place of Belgrade bohemia. Belgrade also has many monuments museums, various galleries and art exhibitions, and even a military island.

In the territory Serbia many historical and religious monuments, which are about a thousand years old. For example, numerous monasteries, some of which were built in the 11th century.

There are also many national parks in the country. The most famous and visited are Fruska Gora, Kopaonik, Djerdap and others. Though tourism in Serbia- This is an underdeveloped sector, this country is visited by many travelers. There are a lot of mud and mineral medicinal springs in Serbia. In total, there are about 1000 of them, near which boarding houses and treatment centers are built. The most famous of them are Zlatar, Divchibar and others.

What to see in Serbia:

Belgrade Fortress, Church of St. Sava in Belgrade, Petrovaradin Fortress, Belgrade Zoo, Mount Fruska National Park, Sava River, Princess Ljubica Palace, Cathedral of the Virgin Mary, Ruzica Church, Aval TV Tower, National Museum of Serbia, Djerdap National Park, Nikola Tesla Museum , Devil's City, Kusturitsy Village, Tara National Park, Ravanitsa Monastery, Mileshevo Monastery.

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Many military conflicts and seizures of territory, occurring since the time of the Roman Empire, made Serbia multinational state, in which the customs of a huge number of nationalities are concentrated.

But at the same time, today still prevail slavic and turkish traditions... Serbs are distinguished by kindness, hospitality, respect and optimism, so a huge number of tourists constantly come to the country.

Detailed map of Serbia

Serbia is a state in the southeast of Europe and is located in the very center Balkan Peninsula surrounded by warm seas: Adriatic, Aegean and Black. Before the collapse of Yugoslavia, Serbia was part of it. The geographic location of the country has made it a kind of corridor between Western and Central Europe, as well as the countries of the Middle East.

Serbia borders on many states, its neighbors are:

In the north- Hungary;
On South- Albania and;
In the east- Romania and Bulgaria;
In the West- Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
In the South-West- Kosovo.

Serbia is characterized by the cleanest air, unusually beautiful nature and many historical sights. It is also famous for its excellent ski and health resorts, hunting and fish farms. To date, the state has received access to the Aegean coast.

Climate

Serbia has developed special climatic conditions that directly depend on its relief features. The northern part of the country is occupied by Central Danube lowland, consisting of large plains with very fertile land, in this regard, a continental climate has developed here.

The center of Serbia is mainly occupied by hills, so the temperate continental climate prevails there. And the presence of ancient mountains in the southern part of the country, accordingly, suggests the presence of a mountain climate.

Summers in Serbia, as a rule, are quite hot, and winters, although mild, are prolonged with a lot of cold winds and with an average air temperature of two degrees, but sometimes it drops to twenty-five. The coldest winter month is January, and the hottest summer month is June. Serbia is one of the sunniest countries in Europe.

Nature

The northern part of the country is occupied by agricultural land, where you can see wheat, corn, a variety of vegetables and, necessarily, a lot of sunflowers.

The south of Serbia is occupied by several mountain ranges:

Dinaric Highlands;
Balkan East Serbian Mountains;
Part of the Rila-Rhodope system.

There are magnificent huge forests of powerful beeches and tender lindens.

The most famous river is Danube... On its way, it forms interesting bays, channels, oxbows and swamps. But, the main pride of this river can be called the beautiful Djerdap gorge with rocks rising up to three hundred meters above the water level and a huge number of pools up to one hundred meters deep.

V national park located on the territory of the gorge, you can get acquainted with a large number of relict plants, which have not been found in other European countries for a long time.

Serbia is famous for its lakes and rivers; in this regard, it can only compete with it from European countries.

The most famous and popular lakes include Silver (Serbian sea). In addition to the beauty of the surrounding forest landscape, nearby ancient fortresses and beautiful beach areas, it is famous for its impeccable purity of water, the flickering of which in the sun's rays is simply mesmerizing. To preserve this splendor, it was decided to prohibit the use of any motor boats, water scooters and other similar technical means on the lake.

Clean water, combined with the absence of strong noise, makes it possible to live comfortably and breed various fish species. The lake has a large number of perch, catfish, carp, bream, pike and many other species.

Administrative division and form of government

Serbia belongs to unitary states, its capital is Belgrade, and its administrative division is as follows:

Two autonomous edges- Vojvodina, Kosovo and Metohija;
Twenty nine counties;
Two hundred eleven communities.

Voevodina includes seven districts, Kosovo and Metohija five, and Central Serbia seventeen. There is no local government in them. Each of them is headed by the head of the district, who reports directly to the government of the state and bears full responsibility to it. The district of Belgrade, in which self-government is allowed, stands apart.

Serbia consists of twenty-four cities, one hundred and ninety-five large urban-type settlements, and many villages and towns.

Serbia is governed by parliamentary republic The head of which is the president, and the Supreme legislative body is the Union Assembly, which includes two chambers - the Veche of Republics and the Veche of Citizens. The highest executive body of the country is the government.

Population and religion

The main population of the country is represented by Serbs. In addition to them, a huge number of national minorities live in Serbia, represented by Hungarians, Croats, Turks, Romanians, Bosnians, Slovaks, Bulgarians, Montenegrins, Macedonians, Chinese and others. In total, the republic is home to twenty five nationalities, which, as a rule, coexist peacefully.

The state language in Serbia is Serbian, which belongs to the Slavic group. National minorities also use Hungarian, Romanian, Albanian, Slovak and Croatian in colloquial speech.

It is not uncommon in Serbia that one can hear speech in Russian, because in this country there are enough immigrants from.

By the laws and constitution of the republic, its inhabitants are guaranteed freedom of religion... The state religion of Serbia is Orthodox, which is professed by most of the country's inhabitants. The rest of the population is represented by Catholics, Muslims and Protestants.

Cities and landmarks

The largest cities in Serbia are: Belgrade, Novi Sad, Niches and Pristina.

Belgrade

Belgrade is the capital and the largest city in the country, located at the intersection of the Danube and Sava rivers. He is very hospitable and always happy to receive tourists and provide them with the most interesting and comfortable rest.

This is very Old city, decorated with magnificent palaces, churches, temples, monasteries and fortress walls that intertwine with bustling avenues and modern multi-storey buildings.

The main attraction of Belgrade and, perhaps, the whole country can be called an old Belgrade Fortress, which is located in the city center on the Kalemegdan plateau in the park of the same name. Its history goes back more than two thousand years. The entrance to it is decorated with a clock tower, which is allowed to climb in the summer.

Currently inside it is located war museum, where you can get acquainted with tanks, machine guns and a number of trophy exhibits, of which there are more than thirty thousand. In addition to historical values and old graves, in the park near the fortress you can see:

Tennis court;
Basketball court;
Various modern design elements;
Zoo;
In winter - ice rink.

Both local residents and guests of the city come to the park area not only to take a walk, but also to listen to a brass band or ordinary street musicians, to visit the observatory, Orthodox Church or a holy spring, admire the numerous monuments and statues.

Novi Sad

Novi Sad is located in the northern part of Serbia and is the administrative center of Vojvodina. This is a city in which cultural life is literally in full swing, it was even given a second name - "Serbian Athens".

There are many museums and art galleries scattered here, as well as a variety of festivals, competitions and exhibitions. In addition, it is important. educational center, which houses a number of universities and a large number of colleges and schools.

Opposite Novi Sad, the largest in Petrovaradin fortress, which belongs to the cultural and historical sites of the country. In order to enter it, you need to climb a steep rise, numbering more than one hundred steps. After overcoming the rise, and climbing its walls, you can admire the beautiful view of the Danube and its environs.

The center of the fortress, which previously housed various military installations, is now occupied by hotels with fine, modern rooms and cozy restaurants.

There are also workshops where local artists, sculptors and photographers work. By visiting them, you can get acquainted with their work and even make a personal order. Also on the territory of the fortress there is Museum of the History of Novi Sad and Art academy.

Deserves special attention, located on the territory of the Petrovaradin fortress, clock tower... Her specific feature is that, unlike conventional watches, its minute hand is much shorter than the hour hand. Such a move was invented so that those who sailed past the fortress on a ship could at least see what time it was at that time.

Near Novi Sad is a very beautiful national park Fruska Gora with unique flora and fauna. Here you can see more than one and a half thousand of the most diverse plants, many of which are rare or even disappearing.

The fauna is represented by:

Hoofed;
Foxes;
Wild cats;
Rodents;
Reptiles.

A special value are some species of birds that cannot be found on the territory of other European countries. Also, one cannot ignore the monasteries located here with ancient iconostases and medieval frescoes, many of which are considered historical monuments.

Niches

Nis is largest city in the southern part of Serbia and the oldest on the Balkan Peninsula. The city can be called a large industrial, commercial, scientific, economic, cultural, political and religious center in the south of the country.

Nis is home to many museums, theaters and other cultural institutions. The city is famous for its famous symphony orchestra and university.

Due to the large number of respectable restaurants and tourist facilities, Niš began to be called "City of pleasure".

One of the main attractions of Niš is Khilandarski Metoh church, which is a unique, iconic building of the sixteenth century. Initially her appearance was completely different from what it is today. The fact is that in the middle of the seventeenth century it was badly damaged in a fire. But even now it, decorated with magnificent paintings in the Baroque style, is no less beautiful and is a favorite place of pilgrims and guests of the city.

Another famous all over the world and at the same time ominous attraction of Niš is Chele-Kula built in the early nineteenth century by the Turks using human skulls. This happened after the rebellious Serbs were defeated by the soldiers of the Ottoman Empire in the battle, the site of which was Mount Chagar.

The surviving Serbian rebels, not wanting to be taken prisoner, blew up themselves with gunpowder, while destroying most of the enemy. After that, the Turks decapitated their bodies, and about a thousand skulls were inserted into the tower under construction to show everyone what will happen to those who try to resist them.

To date, only fifty eight skulls... Therefore, in order to preserve them, it was decided to enclose the crumbling tower with a chapel. Although Chele Kula is undoubtedly a very terrible historical monument, it nevertheless reminds everyone of what a huge and terrible cost the freedom-loving Serbs won their independence.

Pristina

Pristina is the capital of Kosovo and its largest city. It is also the cultural and industrial center of the autonomous region of Kosovo and Metohija. The panorama of the city is very contrasting, old buildings, modern buildings and monuments of history and culture are intertwined in it.

Located in Pristina monastery Gracanitsa, built at the very beginning of the fourteenth century, and belongs to the most exquisite Orthodox medieval monasteries. Unique frescoes, icons and ancient manuscripts are of great interest to tourists visiting it.

The archaeological research carried out proved the presence on the territory of Pristina of various ancient peoples.

When visiting Pristina, it is worth looking at House of Eminjik... It is a very beautiful building located in the very center of the city. It was built during the reign of the Ottoman Empire and is an example of how the rather famous and wealthy residents of the city lived at that time.

Also a significant landmark in Serbia is considered monument to Skanderberg, the national hero of the country, who for more than twenty years waged a stubborn struggle against the Ottoman Empire, as a result of which he managed to recapture part of the country's territory from the Turks. The monument is located in the central part of the city on Mother Teresa Boulevard.

There are three museums in the city:

City Museum exhibits and documents of which give a complete historical picture of the life and development of Pristina from antiquity to the present;
Ethnographical museum, which contains household items of village life;
Kosovo Museum where you can see the results of the work of archaeologists. Here are also things of ancient times and the trophies of the Second World War. The most interesting and famous exhibit is considered the Goddess of Fertility, whose figurine was made of ordinary clay. It was believed that the goddess makes the change of seasons, increases the vitality of people, protects the harvest.

Devil's settlement

Damn city or Javol-Varosh- this is another unique and, perhaps, the brightest and most mysterious sight of Serbia. He is a true miracle of nature with global significance. It is formed by earthen pyramids of the most varied, bizarre shapes. They are formed and destroyed during soil erosion.

Today, in Javol-Varosh, you can see more than two hundred pillars from the ground. Under the influence of natural factors, they tend to grow, change shape, disappear and appear again.

The location of the Devil's city are surroundings of Kurshumliya on Mount Radan. This area is rich in mineral and thermal springs. At the same time, there are few plants here, due to the large amount of minerals in the soil. Such natural conditions contribute to the fact that the soil layers are constantly washed out and weathered. Due to this, such devilish landscapes are created.

In ancient times, the inhabitants of these places did not find an explanation for this rather strange natural phenomenon, so it was overgrown with many legends, myths and mystical stories. Guests of Serbia are very fond of visiting the Devil's City, apparently wanting to see with their own eyes a unique, mysterious phenomenon. And for greater efficiency, some of the excursions began to be conducted at night.

Serbia is a very friendly country, which, like everyone else, has its own interesting features, the main of which are the following:

The republic is famous for very low prices;
Here really love citizens of our country;
Serbs are very respect neighbors and try to help them in any little things;
The friendliness of the local population contributes to lower crime rates;
Serbia is best country for those who want to lead quiet and quiet life;
Serbs are pretty enough, their colloquial speech full of expression, bright colors and feelings. Moreover, it is accompanied by active gestures;
Most of the population smokes a lot;
Serbia's everyday cuisine is tied to Turkish dishes, only a few modernized;
In the nineteenth century, the main rule of the Serbian language became: words are written the same way as they are heard;
In Serbia, it has long been customary to marry and have children, usually not earlier. thirty years;
Almost all Serbs are insane love sports especially tennis and football. Moreover, they not only love to cheer for their favorite athletes, but also play themselves;
Favorite Serbian drink is Turkish coffee, they drink it often and a lot. Serbs practically do not use tea;
Serbia is very love to build beautiful and reliable private houses, therefore, almost all villages in the country can be called elite;
Wine which is considered red in our country, the Serbs call black;
The country uses a large number of a wide variety of products based on milk;
Serbia is very large exporter of raspberries to the world market, although its cost in the country is quite high;
Serbs never do not discuss their problems and do not complain for life;
In Serbia, as in Russia, they celebrate the Old New Year calling him Little Christmas.