Sergei Khrushchev biography. Khrushchev Sergey Nikitich: biography, family life and political views. son about father

(at birth Perlmutter)

Years of life: April 5 (17), 1894 - September 11, 1971
First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU from 1953 to 1964, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1958 to 1964.

Hero of the Soviet Union, Three times Hero of Socialist Labor. The first winner of the Shevchenko Prize.

Nikita Khrushchev biography

Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev was born on April 17 (5), 1894 in the village of Kalinovka, Kursk province. Father, Sergei Nikanorovich, was a miner. Mother's name was Ksenia Ivanovna Khrushcheva. Nikita Khrushchev received his primary education at a parochial school.

In 1908, the career of the future First Secretary began. He worked as a shepherd, a mechanic, a boiler cleaner. At the same time he was a member of the trade unions, along with other workers participated in strikes.

In 1917, at the beginning of the Civil War, Nikita Khrushchev fought for the Bolsheviks on the Southern Front.

In 1918 he joined the Communist Party.

The first marriage of N. Khrushchev tragically ended in 1920. His first wife, Efrosinya Ivanovna (before Pisarev's marriage) died of typhus, leaving 2 children, Yulia and Leonid.

Having ended the war in the position of political commissar, N.S. Khrushchev returned to work at a mine in the Donbass. Soon he entered the working faculty of the Donetsk Industrial Institute.

In 1924 he married for the second time. His chosen one was Nina Petrovna Kukharchuk, a teacher of political economy at the party school. There are 3 children in this marriage: Rada, Sergey and Elena.

In 1928, after completing his studies, Khrushchev began to engage in party work. He was noticed by the management, he was sent to study at the Industrial Academy in Moscow.

Nikita Khrushchev years of party work

In January 1931, he began party work in Moscow.

In 1935 - 1938. served as the 1st Secretary of the Moscow Regional and city committees of the CPSU (b). At this time and later, already in Ukraine, he took an active part in organizing repressions.

In January 1938, Nikita Khrushchev was appointed First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine and became a candidate member of the Politburo. In 1939 he was appointed a member of the Politburo.

During World War II, N.S. Khrushchev was a member of the military councils of several fronts, was listed as a political commissar of the highest rank, and led the partisan movement behind the front line.

On March 11, 1943, during one of the military battles, Leonid, the son of N. Khrushchev, a military pilot, went missing. He was officially considered dead in battle, but there are still many versions of his fate: from execution by order of Joseph Stalin to going over to the Germans.

In 1943, N. Khrushchev received the military rank of lieutenant general. In 1944 - 1947 served as chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (Council of Ministers) of the Ukrainian SSR.

In the post-war period, Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev returned to Ukraine and headed the Communist Party of the Republic.

In December 1949, he was transferred to Moscow and appointed First Secretary of the Moscow Party Committee and Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In his new position, Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev began to implement his own initiatives: due to consolidation, he reduced the number of collective farms by almost 2.5 times, dreamed of creating so-called agro-cities instead of villages, in which collective farmers would live. It is published in the Pravda newspaper.

In October 1952, N.S. Khrushchev spoke as a speaker at the 19th Party Congress.

Former in the 50-60s of the twentieth century, the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. Scientist and publicist, areas of scientific interest - the design of space systems and political science. Professor at Brown University in the USA, works there at the Institute of International Studies.

Childhood and youth

Sergei Khrushchev was born in Moscow on July 2, 1935. Sergei's mother was the third wife of Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, Nina Kukharchuk. She was known for being the first among the spouses of Soviet leaders to officially accompany her husband at receptions and on trips abroad.

Nikita Khrushchev and Nina Kukharchuk, parents of Sergei Khrushchev in their youth

In addition to his son Sergei, Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev had three daughters from this marriage. The first died in early childhood, the second daughter named Rada worked in the journal "Science and Life" and was married to the editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Izvestia" Alexei Adzhubey. The third sister of Sergei Khrushchev was called Elena, and she, like her brother, was engaged in science.

The Khrushchev family lived mainly in Moscow - on the Lenin Hills (now Sparrow Hills) and in the Government House on Granovsky, and also for some time in Kyiv and in the city of Kuibyshev (now Samara). After the resignation of Nikita Sergeevich, the family moved to the dacha in Zhukovka.

At the age of six, Sergei was hospitalized with a fractured hip joint and wore a cast for a year. The boy studied in Moscow at school No. 110, which he graduated in 1952 with a gold medal. In the same year, Sergei entered the Moscow Power Engineering Institute at the Faculty of Electrovacuum Engineering and Special Instrumentation, graduating in 1958.

Career

In the 1960s, Sergei Khrushchev worked in the rocket and space industry. Developed landing systems for launch vehicles and spacecraft, created designs for ballistic and cruise missiles. He held the post of deputy director of the research and production association "Elektromash" in Moscow and the position of professor at the Bauman Higher Technical School.

In the early 1990s, the state stopped funding scientific projects, which is why Sergei decided to leave rocket science and change his field of activity. His new area of interest was the teaching of history. In search of a place in life, Khrushchev turned his gaze towards the United States.

Sergei was invited to the United States in 1991. There he was to give a course of lectures on the history of the Cold War at Brown University. Khrushchev was supposed to spend a year in the US and return, but he preferred to stay there forever. Sergey received a permanent residence permit in 1993, with the support of the presidents and.

In 1999 he received US citizenship. He lectured on the ongoing political and economic reforms in Russia at that time, on Soviet-American relations in the 1950s and 1960s, and on his father's reforms in politics, economics, and international security.

Sergei Khrushchev was to travel to Havana as part of an American delegation to attend a conference on the Cuban Missile Crisis. But as a result, he was the only one of all the members of the delegation who was denied a Cuban visa, which Sergey mentioned in an interview with the Izvestia newspaper in 2003.

Sergei Khrushchev is also known as one of the authors of the script for the political detective "Gray Wolves", which was released in 1993. The film tells about a conspiracy against Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev, organized to remove him from the post of First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. While working on the script, real dialogues were used, records of which have been preserved in the KGB archives.

According to the memoirs of one of the organizers of the conspiracy, Vladimir Semichastny, Sergei Khrushchev was directly involved in what was happening. It was to him that the guard of one of the participants in the conspiracy turned, who overheard the conversation of his boss and tried to convey information about what was happening to Khrushchev's entourage. At first, the guard tried to contact Khrushchev's daughter and her husband, Soviet journalist Alexei Adzhubey, but they considered this story a provocation.

Sergei Khrushchev, son of Nikita Khrushchev

In contrast, Sergei Khrushchev took the report of the conspiracy seriously and passed it on to his father. However, Nikita Sergeevich did not believe that his position as the leader of the state was in danger, and did not consider the participants in the conspiracy named by Sergei to be opponents who were really worth paying attention to.

Sergei Khrushchev gave several interviews in his life to various publications, including a Ukrainian journalist and writer, editor-in-chief of the Gordon Boulevard newspaper. In 2010, these interviews were published under one cover in Dmitry's book "A Son for a Father".

Personal life

Sergei Khrushchev was married three times. In his youth, he married Galina Shumova, who bore him two sons. The eldest, Nikita Khrushchev, was born in 1959, and the younger, Sergei, in 1974. Nikita worked at the All-Union Research Institute for System Research of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

After the collapse of the Union, he became a journalist and editor of the Moscow News newspaper. He was in a tense relationship with his father and became even more distant from him after Sergei moved to the USA with his new wife. Nikita himself lived in Moscow, where he died in 2007. The youngest son Sergei also lives in the capital. From him, the publicist in 1994 had a grandson Dmitry.

Sergei Khrushchev divorced his first wife when the eldest son was 17 years old, and the youngest was only two years old. Immediately after the official breakup with Galina Shumova, the scientist admitted that he had a mistress - a certain Olga Kreydik from Dushanbe. This woman, along with two children, moved to Khrushchev in Moscow and lived with him for some time in marriage, but then they divorced. Sergei had an affair with his second wife's best friend, Valentina Golenko. Khrushchev married her for the third time, and later the couple moved together to the United States.

Sergei Khrushchev now

Now Khrushchev's son continues to live in Providence, USA, and work at Brown University. Sergey writes books about his father's reforms, about the historical events of the Soviet era, which he himself witnessed. In books, the author gives his own assessment of the events described.

In 2018, Sergei Khrushchev starred in the program "Visiting Dmitry Gordon", where he talked about the immediate environment, about the life of Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev and about his impressions of modern Kyiv. In 2017, in an interview with the Ukrainian TV channel 112.ua, Sergey Khrushchev shared his thoughts on the reasons for the transfer of Crimea to Ukraine:

"Father gave Crimea to Ukraine, because if you look at the map, then Crimea is "fastened" to Ukraine, and when they began to deal with the economy there and, most importantly, build that canal, which, unfortunately, has now been buried, the State Planning Commission said that it is better if it is built under one legal entity, and transferred to Ukraine, just as many regions were transferred."

Bibliography

1990 - Sergei Khrushchev. Khrushchev on Khrushchev - An Inside Account of the Man and His Era, by His Son, Sergei Khrushchev
1991 - Khrushchev S. N. Pensioner of Union importance
2000 - Sergei Khrushchev. Nikita Khrushchev and the Creation of a Superpower
2003 - Khrushchev S. N. The birth of a superpower: A book about the father
2006 - Sergei Khrushchev. Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev: Reformer, 1945-1964

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sergei Nikitich Khrushchev

Khrushchev in 2010

Scientific area:

space systems designer, political scientist

Place of work:

Thomas Watson Institute for International Studies at Brown University

Academic degree:

Academic title:

Alma mater:

Awards and prizes:

Sergei Nikitich Khrushchev(born July 2) - Soviet and Russian scientist, publicist. The son of the former First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev. Doctor of technical sciences, professor. Hero of Socialist Labor ().

Biography

Sergei Nikitich Khrushchev was born on July 2, 1935 in Moscow. At the age of 6, he suffered a fracture of the hip joint, spent a year in a cast. In 1952 he graduated from Moscow School No. 110 with a gold medal.

In the summer of 1952, he entered the Faculty of Electrovacuum Engineering and Special Instrumentation of the Moscow Power Engineering Institute with a degree in Automatic Control Systems. He recalled that the main role in his decision to go to study at MPEI was played by his former rector, wife Malenkov Valeria Golubtsova.

Divorced from his first wife, Galina Shumova. The second wife, Valentina Nikolaevna Golenko, lives with Sergei Nikitich in the USA. Eldest son Nikita, journalist and editor of Moscow News, died on February 22, 2007 in Moscow. The youngest son Sergei lives in Moscow.

Publicistic activity

After the resignation of N. S. Khrushchev, he edited the book of his father's memoirs, forwarded them for publication abroad. He was under the supervision of special services.

Subsequently, he published a number of his own books with memories of historical events that he witnessed, and with his own balanced assessment of what was happening: “A pensioner of allied significance”, “The Birth of a Superpower”. In his works, he adheres to a clear anti-Stalinist position. Currently working on books about "Khrushchev's reforms". The books have been translated into 12 foreign languages. One of the screenwriters of the film "Grey Wolves" (Mosfilm, 1993).

In 2010, the book of the Ukrainian writer and journalist Dmitry Gordon "A Son for a Father" was published, which contains all the author's interviews with Sergei Khrushchev.

Major writings

Khrushchev S. N. Union pensioner. - M.: News, 1991. - 416 pages - ISBN 5-7020-0095-1
Khrushchev S. N. The Birth of a Superpower: A Book about a Father. - M.: Time, 2003. - 672 pages - ISBN 5-94117-097-1
Sergei Khrushchev. Khrushchev on Khrushchev - An Inside Account of the Man and His Era, by His Son, Sergei Khrushchev, Verlag Little, Brown and Company, 1990, ISBN 0-316-49194-2
Sergei Khrushchev. Nikita Khrushchev and the Creation of a Superpower, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-271-01927-1
Sergei Khrushchev. Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev: Reformer, 1945-1964, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2006, ISBN 0-271-02861-0

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Literature

Vladimir Skachko. Payment for Sovietism. The children and grandchildren of the leaders ignored the work of their fathers and grandfathers. // Kyiv Telegraph. No. 27-29.
Dmitry Gordon. Son for father. Sergei Nikitich Khrushchev about his father, Stalin, time and himself. - Kyiv: Schili Dnipra, 2010. - ISBN 978-966-8881-13-8

Notes

An excerpt characterizing Khrushchev, Sergei Nikitich

Sonya, red as red, also held on to his hand and beamed all over in a blissful look fixed on his eyes, which she was waiting for. Sonya was already 16 years old, and she was very beautiful, especially at this moment of happy, enthusiastic animation. She looked at him, not taking her eyes off, smiling and holding her breath. He looked at her gratefully; but still waiting and looking for someone. The old countess hasn't come out yet. And then there were footsteps at the door. The steps are so fast that they couldn't have been his mother's.
But it was she in a new dress, unfamiliar to him, sewn without him. Everyone left him and he ran to her. When they came together, she fell on his chest sobbing. She could not raise her face and only pressed him against the cold laces of his Hungarian coat. Denisov, not noticed by anyone, entered the room, stood right there and, looking at them, rubbed his eyes.
“Vasily Denisov, your son’s friend,” he said, introducing himself to the count, who looked at him inquiringly.
- Welcome. I know, I know,” said the count, kissing and hugging Denisov. - Nikolushka wrote ... Natasha, Vera, here he is Denisov.
The same happy, enthusiastic faces turned to the shaggy figure of Denisov and surrounded him.
- My dear, Denisov! - Natasha squealed, beside herself with delight, jumped up to him, hugged and kissed him. Everyone was embarrassed by Natasha's act. Denisov also blushed, but smiled and took Natasha's hand and kissed it.
Denisov was taken to the room prepared for him, and the Rostovs all gathered in the sofa near Nikolushka.
The old countess, without letting go of his hand, which she kissed every minute, sat next to him; the rest, crowding around them, caught his every movement, word, glance, and did not take their eyes off him with enthusiastic love. The brother and sisters argued and intercepted places from each other closer to him, and fought over who would bring him tea, a handkerchief, a pipe.
Rostov was very happy with the love he was shown; but the first minute of his meeting was so blissful that it seemed to him that his present happiness was not enough, and he kept waiting for something more, and more, and more.
The next morning the visitors slept off the road until 10 o'clock.
In the previous room, sabers, bags, carts, open suitcases, dirty boots were lying around. The cleaned two pairs with spurs had just been placed against the wall. Servants brought washstands, hot water for shaving, and washed dresses. It smelled of tobacco and men.
- Hey, G "bitch, t" ubku! shouted the hoarse voice of Vaska Denisov. - Rostov, get up!
Rostov, rubbing his eyes that were stuck together, lifted his tangled head from the hot pillow.
- What's late? “It’s late, 10 o’clock,” Natasha’s voice answered, and in the next room there was a rustling of starched dresses, a whisper and laughter of girlish voices, and something blue, ribbons, black hair and cheerful faces flashed through the slightly open door. It was Natasha with Sonya and Petya, who came to see if he got up.
- Nicholas, get up! Natasha's voice was heard again at the door.
- Now!
At this time, Petya, in the first room, seeing and grabbing sabers, and experiencing the delight that boys experience at the sight of a warlike older brother, and forgetting that it is indecent for sisters to see undressed men, opened the door.
- Is that your sword? he shouted. The girls jumped back. Denisov, with frightened eyes, hid his shaggy legs in a blanket, looking around for help at his comrade. The door let Petya through and closed again. There was laughter outside the door.
- Nikolenka, come out in a dressing gown, - Natasha's voice said.
- Is that your sword? Petya asked, “or is it yours?” - with obsequious respect he turned to the mustachioed, black Denisov.
Rostov hurriedly put on his shoes, put on a dressing gown and went out. Natasha put on one boot with a spur and climbed into the other. Sonya was spinning and just wanted to inflate her dress and sit down when he came out. Both were in the same, brand new, blue dresses - fresh, ruddy, cheerful. Sonya ran away, and Natasha, taking her brother by the arm, led him into the sofa room, and they started talking. They did not have time to ask each other and answer questions about thousands of little things that could interest only them alone. Natasha laughed at every word that he said and that she said, not because what they said was funny, but because she had fun and was unable to restrain her joy, expressed in laughter.
- Oh, how good, excellent! she said to everything. Rostov felt how, under the influence of the hot rays of love, for the first time in a year and a half, that childish smile blossomed in his soul and face, which he had never smiled since he left home.
“No, listen,” she said, “are you quite a man now? I'm awfully glad you're my brother. She touched his mustache. - I want to know what kind of men you are? Are they like us? Not?
Why did Sonya run away? Rostov asked.
- Yes. That's another whole story! How will you talk to Sonya? You or you?
“How will it happen,” said Rostov.
Tell her, please, I'll tell you later.
- Yes, what?
- Well, I'll tell you now. You know that Sonya is my friend, such a friend that I would burn my hand for her. Here look. - She rolled up her muslin sleeve and showed on her long, thin and delicate handle under her shoulder, much higher than the elbow (in the place that is sometimes covered by ball gowns) a red mark.
“I burned this to prove my love to her. I just kindled the ruler on fire, and pressed it.
Sitting in his former classroom, on the sofa with pillows on the handles, and looking into those desperately animated eyes of Natasha, Rostov again entered that family, children's world, which had no meaning for anyone except for him, but which gave him one of the best pleasures in life; and burning his hand with a ruler, to show love, seemed to him not useless: he understood and was not surprised at this.
– So what? only? - he asked.
- Well, so friendly, so friendly! Is this nonsense - a ruler; but we are forever friends. She will love someone, so forever; but I don't understand it, I'll forget it now.
- Well, so what?
Yes, she loves me and you so much. - Natasha suddenly blushed, - well, you remember, before leaving ... So she says that you forget it all ... She said: I will always love him, but let him be free. After all, the truth is that this is excellent, noble! - Yes Yes? very noble? Yes? Natasha asked so seriously and excitedly that it was clear that what she was saying now, she had previously said with tears.
Rostov thought.
“I don’t take back my word in anything,” he said. - And besides, Sonya is so charming that what kind of fool would refuse his happiness?

Khrushchev Sergey Nikitich - Lead Designer, Deputy Head of Design Bureau OKB-52 of the State Committee for Aviation Engineering of the USSR (Reutov, Moscow Region).
Born July 2, 1935 in Moscow. Father - (1894-1971), Soviet statesman and party leader, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1953-1964), Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1958-1964), Hero of the Soviet Union, Three times Hero of Socialist Labor.

In 1952 he graduated from school No. 110 in Moscow with a gold medal, and in 1958 he graduated from the Faculty of Electrovacuum Engineering and Special Instrumentation of the Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI).
In 1958-1968 he worked at Experimental Design Bureau No. 52 (OKB-52) in the city of Reutov, Moscow Region, under the supervision of: Deputy Head of Department, Lead Designer, Deputy Head of Design Bureau OKB-52 of the State Committee for Aviation Engineering of the USSR. He developed projects for cruise and ballistic missiles, participated in the creation of spacecraft landing systems, the Proton launch vehicle.

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 28, 1963 for great services in the creation and production of new types of missile weapons, as well as nuclear submarines and surface ships equipped with these weapons, and the rearmament of ships of the Navy Khrushchev Sergei Nikitich He was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

After the resignation of his father, N.S. Khrushchev, from the post of first secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU in October 1964 edited the book of his memoirs, the manuscript of which (1400 typewritten pages) was able to forward for publication abroad.
Subsequently, from 1968 to 1991, he worked as Deputy Director of the Institute of Electronic Control Machines (INEUM), Deputy General Director of NPO Elektronmash. At the same time he taught at the Moscow Higher Technical School (MVTU) named after N.E. Bauman.
In 1991, he was invited to Brown University (USA) to lecture on the history of the Cold War, after which he settled permanently in the United States of America.
He is a professor at the Thomas Watson Institute for International Studies at Brown University.
He published a number of his own books with memories of historical events, which he witnessed: "Pensioner of Union Significance", "The Birth of a Superpower". The books have been translated into 12 foreign languages. Currently working on books about "Khrushchev's" reforms. One of the screenwriters of the film "Grey Wolves" (Mosfilm, 1993) - versions about the displacement of N.S. Khrushchev.
Lives in Providence, Rhode Island (USA), has Russian and American (since 1999) citizenship.
Doctor of Technical Sciences. Professor. Member of several international academies.

Sergey Hruschev Career: Historian
Birth: Russia, Moscow, 2.8.1935
Sergei Khrushchev - scientist, publicist. Born on July 2, 1935. He is the son of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev. He published a number of his own books with memories of the historical events he witnessed, and with his own balanced assessment of what was happening: A pensioner of allied significance, The birth of a superpower. In his works, he adheres to a clear anti-Stalinist position.

The only son of Nikita Khrushchev, Sergei Khrushchev, an honorary professor at Brown University in the United States, is now doing basically what his dad did - the Cold War. With the difference that the heir is passionate about her scientifically - as history. For the second decade now, Sergei Nikitovich, who has been living in the United States, recently presented his new book, Nikita Khrushchev and the Creation of a Superpower, to the readers' judgment.

Sergei was 20 years old when dad came to power. He studied, after that he worked as an engineer, then became the director of the institute, was engaged in rocket science and cybernetics. He traveled a lot with his father and was, as a rule, a silent witness to historical events in Russia and in the world. Izvestia correspondent Alla BORISOVA spoke with Sergei Khrushchev at the University of Illinois, where he was presenting his book.

Don't you think that the times of the Cold War may return? For example, aggressive intonations in the press are sometimes reminiscent of the old days.

I do not think. What is a cold muffler? It was driven by two ideologies that no longer exist. After all, then it was necessary to divide the world. And now Russia's budget is not the same. Cold mahalovka was a strange time of transition from war to understanding how to exist without fighting. When I arrived in the USA in 1991, I realized that yes, we were different civilizations and did not understand each other at all. But ... how close we were ideologically. We had a fear of a friend in front of a friend, but there was no desire to initiate a war.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Russia was a weak country. We have grown stronger, grown into a superpower. And until the death of Stalin, they lived in fear that America would start a war - this was the syndrome of the first German attacks of the 41st year. Like Pearl Harbor for Americans. I know people who put their lives on hold, waiting for the American invasion from Alaska. Tupolev at a close time openly told Stalin that he would not be able to build a missile that would reach America and not be intercepted. But there was an uncle, the one who said: "But I can." And the work began, the capital went ... Stalin died. And the father was told that the rocket could reach America.

Did your father ever think that a battle was possible?

My father sincerely believed that we would have a wonderful life, much better than in the USA. And then why fight? He wanted to invest in the economy, agriculture. What kind of battle is there when the Russian economy was 1/3 of the American one ...

Yes, and we began to create relations with the States just in the 60s. We eventually saw a friend of a friend. The same faces, the same eyes... I remember that Rockefeller was introduced to my father, and he was simply amazed. Everyone said: "Wow, it looks completely like us!". Moreover, he wanted to touch him.

Did he and Eisenhower understand each other well?

Absolutely! Both moreover could not feel about the war. And all the time they discussed how to communicate with the military, who in the USSR and in the USA all the time asked for money.

What is political work

You had to travel a lot with your father. Have you ever wanted to correct it, somehow influence it?

I was 20 years old then ... All the same, I was a distinguished worker in age. In public, under no circumstances did I object to my father, but after that we walked and talked a lot.

Was he strict?

No, he was a very gentle person, he loved people, but, you know, when you hold such a post, you don’t like it all the way when you object. Sometimes they argued to the point of hoarseness. About Lysenko, in particular. I tried to argue that genetics existed, and he was convinced that his advisors knew better that it couldn't exist. He then almost escorted me out of the house.

But because how many curiosities we know! For example, while visiting the Prime Minister of Great Britain, he, standing by the fireplace and talking with the prime minister's wife, said (you yourself told at the lecture): "Do you know how many missiles it takes to smash your entire island? Don't you know? But I know ... And we can make it!".

Well, I then realized that this is also such a technique of diplomacy. And it is appropriate to say that the same conversation after that played its image.

And the famous shoe story at the UN?

Do you know what is the most interesting? Today I will explain to you what campaigning is. Did you see with your own eyes how Khrushchev banged his shoe on the table at the UN? Not? And no one saw. Because it wasn't. I can tell you what happened. There is a routine meeting. At some point, the journalists surrounded the father, and someone stepped on his foot. The shoe fell off. But he was a complete man and did not bend down. He put the shoe next to him on the table. And at some point I wanted to invade the discussion. He began to swing this shoe, attracting sensitivity. That's all. But what is interesting: my London publisher asked me to find the very historical shoe, I found a pair in which he left for the USA then, and gave it away. And after that, like a devil from a snuffbox, it turned out that this was not the right shoe. The picture is different. It turns out that it was sultry in New York at that time, and some sandals were bought for him, American ones, probably. That's where he was. (Sergei Nikitovich, apparently, here he is still talking about a different episode. There are newsreels in which Nikita Khrushchev gently knocks his shoe in the UN meeting room. - Approx. "Izvestia")

And where are they at the moment?

Rotten. The son dug into them in the courtyard of the house, well, they are somewhere in the ground ...

Returning to Lenin's precepts?

How did your American route develop?

From a certain moment, I became interested in what is happening in the country and in the world. He took a vacation at the institute and wrote the book "Pensioner of Union Importance." And I was invited to a conference at Harvard. It was 1989, and the KGB did not want to give me more than that for a week. Nevertheless, they managed to leave through Gorbachev. And then I received this invitation from the Kennedy Institute as an honorary "fellow". And then I didn’t know English, got into the dictionary and saw that fellow is a comrade. I didn't understand, of course. And already after, when I arrived, I saw that the apartment, office, wages were already ready. I worked there for a semester. I wasn't going to exist in the USA. But the affairs of our ministry fell apart, and I stayed.

Returning to your memories of your father... What period of time seems most interesting to you?

You know, he was an enthusiastic person, and any period of time was interesting to him. Here, in particular, decentralization. He began to prepare this reform, and if it had succeeded, market relations would have appeared in our country much earlier. They just say to me, "No, he couldn't go to that." Not sure. Yes, he was a convinced communist, but he could, say, say: "We are returning to Lenin's precepts." And it's all right. After all, he was actively looking for, thinking what to do. He climbed, in particular, into the mines in Yugoslavia, he kept trying to realize what kind of democratic socialism it was. After all, he tried to turn the party leadership into modern managers.

But he would not transform the system.

So what is an organization? After all, the lesson is not in the name, the lesson is that the organization should work harder. It is difficult to imagine a failed reform, but maybe in the 70s we would have overtaken America with our oil and economic reform?

History does not tolerate the subjunctive mood.

Yes, that's fair.