In what year was Alexei Leonov born. Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov. Biographical note. Activity in retirement

For many centuries, mankind has been possessed by a seemingly unrealizable dream - to fly through the sky, like a bird, and get into unexplored outer space. This desire was reflected in many fairy tales, where the heroes moved on flying carpets, brooms, stoves, cannonballs, etc.

The founder of astronautics, K. E. Tsiolkovsky, believed in the possibility of interplanetary travel. He predicted the exit of a person into an unknown airless space, which was carried out by a Russian officer, Soviet pilot Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov.

The beginning of life

The future cosmonaut Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov was born in the small village of Listvyanka, located north of the city of Kemerovo, on May 30, 1934. He was the ninth child in the family of a peasant Arkhip Alekseevich and teacher Evdokia Minaevna.

It is unlikely that representatives of that generation can boast of their prosperous and happy childhood. Often, fate tested the strength of the Leonov family. The grandfather of the future cosmonaut was sent into exile for participating in the revolutionary events of 1905. So he ended up in the village of Listvyanka, six hundred kilometers from Kemerovo.

Fate dealt harshly with Alexei's father. Initially, he worked in the village as a livestock specialist. After he was appointed chairman of the village council. However, the year 1937 came. Arkhip Leonov was arrested on fabricated charges. The whole family was affected by this. The property was seized. And even children's clothes were taken away. The kids were kicked out of school. Evdokia Minaevna went to Kemerovo. There, she and all the children found shelter with her eldest daughter Alexandra, who lived with her husband in the hut of the builders of the thermal power plant in a small room of sixteen square meters. In 1939, Arkhip Leonov was rehabilitated and moved to live with his family in Kemerovo. By decree on the support of mothers with many children, they were allocated two rooms in the same barrack, the area of which was 16 and 18 square meters. Slowly but surely, the family began to get on its feet.

School years

The future cosmonaut Leonov went to receive primary education in 1943. His parents sent him to Kemerovo school No. 35. During these years, the boy's main hobby was painting Russian stoves. The future cosmonaut learned this art from immigrants from Ukraine who lived next door to his family. One day, Alexei saw a book at his classmate. In it, he was attracted by black-and-white illustrations of paintings by the artist Aivazovsky. The boy had a strong desire to buy this book, which he did, paying for a whole month with his school ration, consisting of a lump of sugar and fifty grams of bread. Since then, Aivazovsky has become Alexei's favorite artist.

The boy did not have to finish his studies at the Kemerovo school. Five years later (in 1948) my father was sent to work in Kaliningrad. The whole family also moved there. Here, in the former Koenigsberg, Alexei received a matriculation certificate, graduating from secondary school No. 21.

The future cosmonaut Leonov possessed outstanding knowledge for his age. He drew beautifully and was fond of aviation. According to the notes of his older brother, Alexei independently studied the design features of aircraft and the design of engines, and also mastered the theoretical foundations of flight. All this knowledge, along with achievements in sports, was the main prerequisite, which later became decisive on the path of the young man's development.

Admission to the Academy of Arts

The life and biography of cosmonaut Leonov could have turned out completely differently, if not for some circumstances. Since childhood, Alexey had great ability to draw. After leaving school, in 1953, he applied to the Academy of Arts, located in Riga. The young man was enrolled in the first year. However, a little later it turned out that students can be provided with a hostel only after three years of study. This option did not suit Alexei, and he began to choose other educational institutions for himself.

Path to aviation

A good option for Leonov seemed to be a pilot school that provided its cadets with full support. In 1953, Komsomol recruitment was carried out into it. The young man without hesitation applied to this educational institution. So the biography of cosmonaut Leonov began to develop in a completely different direction.

The young man successfully passed all competitive tests and became a cadet of an aviation school located in Kremenchug. In this educational institution, the future cosmonaut Leonov completed an initial flight training course. After that, he was transferred to the city of Chuguev, where he continued his studies at the military aviation school, which trained fighter pilots. Since 1957, Leonov served in the tenth Guards Aviation Division, which was stationed in the city of Kremenchug. Here he met with his future wife Svetlana, who became his wife after three days of meeting.

New twist of fate

Until the autumn of 1959, the future cosmonaut Leonov served in the Kremenchug division. His biography has undergone significant changes after meeting with Colonel Karpov, who was the head of the Cosmonaut Training Center. Leonov was invited to enter a school that trains test pilots. Alexey Arkhipovich agreed and in October 1959 arrived to undergo a medical examination at the Aviation Hospital, located in Sokolniki. There he had his first meeting with Yuri Gagarin. Soon the acquaintance of the pilots grew into a strong friendship.

The doctors of the hospital carried out numerous studies, the purpose of which was to select cosmonauts for the corps. A. A. Leonov turned out to be a worthy candidate. In 1960, he was enrolled in the detachment, and during the year the young pilot was a student of special courses held at the Cosmonaut Training Center.

In anticipation of flights

Despite the fact that the future cosmonaut Leonov passed a tough selection, he had to work hard. Only good preparation opened up the possibility of future flights.

In 1964, the design bureau, headed by Korolev at the time, began designing a new spacecraft. It was designed for two places, and its design allowed access to airless space.

Simultaneously with the preparation of the ship, two crews were undergoing pre-flight training. These are cosmonauts Belyaev and Leonov, as well as their understudies - Khrunov and Gorbatko. When selecting the crew for the Voskhod-2 spacecraft, the doctors took into account the complexity and duration of the flight, its main tasks and goals, as well as the psychological characteristics of people. The astronauts had to work as smoothly as possible, fully trusting each other. Leonov and Belyaev had different characters. But at the same time, they perfectly complemented each other and were able to complete the most difficult task assigned to them.

Historic flight

After three years of hard training, on March 18, 1965, the Voskhod-2 spacecraft, on board of which there were two cosmonauts - Leonov and Belyaev, took off successfully from Baikonur. The rocket made its first orbit around our planet. On the second, as planned, Leonov (cosmonaut) made a spacewalk. Easily pushed off, he literally floated out of the lock chamber.

The moments when the first cosmonaut (Leonov) found himself in an airless space, probably all citizens of the USSR would like to observe. From the side of the ship, all his movements were monitored by two cameras. In parallel with this, Alexei Arkhipovich led his filming. Five times flew away from the ship at a distance of 5 m, and then Leonov (cosmonaut) returned back. Going into space was fraught with danger to life, but the courageous man completed the task. After the successful completion of the flight, the spacecraft landed two hundred kilometers from Perm.

The crew completely coped with their task, proving that people are able to go into a vacuum and even work there. The coordinated work of Leonov and Belyaev undoubtedly predetermined the future of all astronautics.

Preparing for new flights

What did cosmonaut Leonov do later? The biography of this amazing person for a long time connected Alexei Arkhipovich with the cosmonaut corps. Between 1965 and 1967 he was the second in command. After, for the next three years, Alexei Arkhipovich was in a group that was being prepared for a flight around the moon and landing on its surface. However, due to a malfunction of the ship, the project did not receive its development.

From 1971 to 1973 pilot-cosmonaut Leonov took part in various programs five more times. In them, he was assigned the role of commander of the crew of the ship. However, all flights for one reason or another did not take place.

Witness to the assassination attempt

On January 22, 1969, cosmonauts who flew on the Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5 spacecraft were welcomed in Moscow. Tereshkova, Beregovoy, Nikolaev and Leonov were sitting in one of the cars following from the airport. She was fired upon by junior lieutenant V. Ilyin. He decided that Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was sitting in the car. Fortunately for Leonov, who found himself in the very center of events, he was not injured at all. Beregovoy and Nikolaev were not lucky. The first shrapnel cut his face. Nikolaev was wounded in the back.

New achievements

In 1972, the US and the USSR decided to carry out a joint spacewalk, during which it was planned to dock ships belonging to the two superpowers. There were conditions for the selection of crew members. Their list included:

deep knowledge in the field of technology;
highest qualification;
the ability to work with the equipment of both ships;
readiness to conduct an impressive program of scientific experiments and observations;
excellent knowledge of the language in which the partners will speak.

The crew of the Soviet ship included Kubasov and Leonov, and Slayton, Brand and Stafford worked on board from the American side. The joint flight was carried out in 1975. Thus, a new era in space exploration was opened.

The further fate of Leonov

In March 1992, Alexei Arkhipovich retired with the rank of Major General of Aviation. Until 2000, he served as president of the Alfa Capital investment fund. After that, Leonov became vice president of Alfa-Bank. Today, Alexey Arkhipovich lives near Moscow, in a country house, which he designed and built with his own hands.

Many people also know about cosmonaut Leonov as a good artist. Painting, which he became interested in in his youth, remains his hobby to this day. Aleksey Arkhipovich is the author of several art albums, he has more than two hundred paintings to his credit. The main motive of his works is space landscapes. However, there are paintings that depict portraits of friends and earthly landscapes. Since 1965 Leonov has been a full member of the Union of Artists.

The astronaut also has other hobbies. He loves to read books, hunt, and film and photograph. Leonov has the 2nd category in cycling and the 3rd in fencing. Professionally, Alexey Arkhipovich was engaged in athletics and javelin throwing.

Leonov Alexey Arkhipovich was born in a small village called Listvyanka, which was located in the Tisulsky district of the West Siberian Territory (now the Kemerovo region), in 1934 on May 30th. His father, Arkhip Alekseevich, born in 1892, was an ordinary peasant, and his mother, Evdokia Minaevna, devoted her whole life to teaching.

When Alexei was three years old, together with his mother, he settled in Kemerovo, where his father also came after the Civil War. As you know, Lesha was the 8th child in the family, who willingly went to school in 1943. However, he did not succeed in graduating from the Kemerovo educational institution due to the fact that, together with his family, he was forced to leave for Kaliningrad (then Koenigsberg), where his father worked.

Exactly ten years later, Alexey Arkhipovich graduated from the Kaliningrad secondary school, after which he was given a certificate of education. According to Leonov himself, he was never particularly proud of the good marks that were affixed to this graduation document, since most of all he valued his knowledge of art and aviation.

Alexei’s love for aircraft engines and aircraft structures woke up in his early youth, when he watched his older brother, an aircraft technician by profession, take pleasure in repairing all kinds of parts. Together with sports achievements, interest in aircraft prompted Leonov to enroll in a pilot school, which was located in central Ukraine, namely in the city of Kremenchug. However, Aleksey Arkhipovich did not stop there, and in the period from 1955 to 1957 he received a higher education as a fighter pilot, after which he began to fly in combat regiments.

Thanks to his perseverance, knowledge and physical training, in 1960, having passed a difficult selection competition, Leonov was enrolled in the first famous cosmonaut corps of the Soviet Union. After three years of preparation, on the night of March 18-19, 1965, Alexei Arkhipovich, together with Pavel Belyaev, made his first space flight on the Voskhod-2 spacecraft, where he showed exceptional courage and courage. After this experience, Leonov became the deputy of the Soviet cosmonaut corps, and from 1967 to 1970 he took command of a group of specialists working on the lunar program.

The great pilot-cosmonaut - Leonov Alexei Arkhipovich for all his professional activity was awarded the Orders of Lenin and the Red Star more than once. In addition, he was repeatedly awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, Hero of Socialist Labor of Bulgaria and the Republic of Vietnam, and he also became the owner of many other medals and orders from other countries.

Today Aleksey Arkhipovich works and lives in the city of Moscow together with his beloved wife Svetlana Pavlovna, from whom he had two daughters in 1961 and 1967 - Victoria and Oksana.

Leonov Alexey Arkhipovich (born May 30, 1934) - military pilot of the 1st class; 1965 - pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR; 1975 - Major General of Aviation; Hero of the Soviet Union (1965, 1975); March 1965 - Voskhod-2 flight together with cosmonaut Pavel Ivanovich Belyaev. The first person in the history of mankind to go into outer space; 1975, July - the second flight into space on the Soyuz-19 under the ASTP program; 1981 - State Prize of the USSR.

Origin. early years

Alexei Leonov was born in the small village of Listvyanka, which is 600 km north of the city of Kemerovo. He was the eighth child in the family. 1953 - graduates from high school and enters the primary pilot training school in Kremenchug. 1955 - 1957 - studies at the Chuguev Military Aviation Pilot School, after which he flew in the Air Force combat units.

Family

Wife - Svetlana Pavlovna Dotsenko (1940). He met his future wife in 1957. Three days after they met, they got married. Svetlana used to work as an editor at the TsPK publishing house. In marriage, they had two girls - Victoria (1961) and Oksana (1967).

Detachment of astronauts

In 1960, Leonov was enlisted in the cosmonaut corps. There he completed a full training course for flights on ships of the Vostok type, and then the Voskhod type. After three years of preparation, on March 18–19, 1965, A. Leonov, together with P. Belyaev, flew on the Voskhod-2 spacecraft as a co-pilot.

First spacewalk

During the flight, which lasted 1 day 2 hours 2 minutes. and 17 seconds, for the first time in the world March 18, 1965 Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov went into outer space.

In order to ensure this experiment, NPO Energia created a special transit gateway, of a cylindrical design, consisting of 36 inflatable sections, divided into three groups isolated from each other. The gateway retained its shape even if two of them failed.

The astronaut, when entering outer space, was connected to the ship by a halyard, through which telephone communication and oxygen supply were provided. The entire procedure for working in space was carried out during ground training and simulated in zero gravity on board an aircraft flying along a parabolic trajectory.

Immediately after the spacecraft entered the assigned orbit, the astronauts began to prepare for the experiment. Belyaev helped Leonov put on a spacesuit and reinforce an emergency oxygen tank. Then Alexei, having passed through the lock chamber, ended up in outer space. After 10 minutes, he saw that the suit in real space conditions does not behave at all like during training on earth - it swelled up, and it became impossible to do something with his hands. Due to the fact that the size of the suit increased, there was a problem with returning on board - Leonov could hardly squeeze through the hatch. The first human spacewalk lasted a total of 23 minutes. 41 sec., of which 12 min. 9 sec. outside the lock chamber (moved away from the ship at a distance of 5.35 m).

But the problems didn't end there. Before returning to Earth, it turned out that the automatic system for orienting the ship to the Sun had failed. The astronauts were forced to make two extra turns, manually orient the ship and turn on the brake engine. Therefore, the landing was made in a completely different area - in the deaf snow-covered taiga, 180 km northwest of Perm. First aid came to them only a day later from local lumberjacks, and helicopters arrived for the astronauts only on the third day.

After returning to earth

1965, March 23 - for the successful completion of the task and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, cosmonaut Alexei Leonov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

1965–1967 - Alexei Leonov - senior instructor, cosmonaut, deputy commander of the cosmonaut corps.

1967-1970 - commander of the lunar group of astronauts. 1968 - graduated from the N. E. Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy.

1970-1972 - Head of the 1st Directorate of the Research Institute of the TsPK. 1972-1991 - Deputy Head of the Cosmonaut Training Center named after Yu. A. Gagarin, commander of the cosmonaut corps.

Second space flight

1973 - The USSR Academy of Sciences and NASA announced the composition of the main and backup crews of the Soyuz and Apollo spacecraft. The Soviet Union was represented by pilot-cosmonauts A. A. Leonov and V. N. Kubasov. From the American side - astronauts T. Stafford, V. Brand, D. Slayton.

1975, from July 15 to 21 - a joint flight of the ships of the two states took place. The docking in orbit of the Soviet Soyuz-19 and the American Apollo was completed. For the first time in world history, new means of docking were tested in operation in order to ensure the safety of human flights in outer space, astrophysical, biomedical, technological and geophysical experiments were carried out. Flight duration - 5 days 22 hours 30 minutes. 51 sec.

Further fate

Over the years of scientific and practical work and in the course of space flights, Alexei Leonov has carried out a number of studies and experiments. Repeatedly participated in scientific conferences and international congresses, he made about 30 reports.

He was elected a full member of the International Academy of Astronautics, Academician of the Russian Academy of Astronautics, co-chairman of the International Association of Space Flight Participants. There is a degree - candidate of technical sciences.

Cosmonaut Leonov retired with the rank of Major General of Aviation.

A bronze bust of the Hero was installed on the Alley of Cosmonauts in Moscow and Kemerovo. One of the lunar craters and a planet in the constellation Libra was named after Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov.

Domestic cosmonautics knows a large number of outstanding personalities. But among them, the Soviet Alexei Arkhipovich stands out. First of all, he is known for being the first person who was not afraid to go into outer space. This is what Leonov the cosmonaut became famous for. The biography of this outstanding personality will be the subject of our discussion.

Birth and childhood

In the Kemerovo region, whose territory then belonged to the West Siberian Territory, the future Soviet cosmonaut Leonov was born. Date of birth - May 30, 1934. His parents, Arkhip Alekseevich Leonov and Evdokia Minaevna Sotnikova, in addition to little Alyosha, raised seven more children.

When Alexei was three years old, his family was repressed. The father went to places of detention, and the mother and children were forced to move to Kemerovo, since their house was actually given over to be plundered. But two years later, my father was rehabilitated.

In Kemerovo, A. A. Leonov went to school, but in 1947 the family, due to a change in the place of work of the breadwinner, was forced to move to Kaliningrad. It was in this city that the future great cosmonaut received his secondary education.

From early childhood, A. A. Leonov dreamed of an army career, therefore, after receiving a certificate of secondary education (1953), he entered the Military Aviation School, which he successfully graduated in 1955. Two years later, he completed his studies at the school of the corresponding profile.

Development of astronautics

Meanwhile, the second half of the 50s and 60s of the 20th century were a time of turbulence. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched an artificial satellite of the Earth. In the same year, the first living creature, the dog Laika, was launched into orbit in an aircraft. The question of the possibility of manned space flight became more and more urgent.

In 1960, the USSR Air Force selected the first detachment of cosmonauts, which included 20 of the most trained pilots. It was from among the members of this detachment that the crew for the first Soviet space expeditions was formed. A. A. Leonov also got into this twenty of the most worthy. In addition to him, the detachment included Dmitry Zaikin, Pavel Anikeev, Adrian Nikolaev and many other famous pilots. The honor of becoming the first cosmonaut was given to Yuri Gagarin. In April 1961, on the Vostok-1 spacecraft, he made the first orbital flight.

From 1961 to 1964, G. Titov, A. Nikolaev, P. Popovich, V. Bykovsky and V. Komarov also made space flights. The crew that flew in October 1964, in addition to the commander, consisted of two more people. This opportunity was provided by a new type of multi-seat spacecraft Voskhod, which replaced the Vostok series.

The Soviet cosmonaut Leonov was waiting for his turn. Photos with him and Yuri Gagarin can be seen above.

Historic flight

A new space mission was scheduled for mid-March 1965. It consisted of two people. The commander was appointed and the pilot - A. A. Leonov. The flight was to take place on a multi-seat Voskhod-2 spacecraft, which, in comparison with the first version, was modified.

Initially, the tasks of the expedition included the implementation and it was considered as part of the lunar program of the USSR.

Out in outer space

After the spacecraft went into orbit, it was necessary to carry out the main goal of the flight - an exit into outer space. A. A. Leonov had to solve this problem. The astronaut immediately moved to the airlock, after which the crew commander closed the compartment and began its depressurization. Then Alexei Arkhipovich left the lock chamber and went out into outer space. It was this act that A. A. Leonov (cosmonaut) became known to the whole world. A photo of his stay in outer space is located below.

It should be noted that during his stay outside the spacecraft, Alexei Arkhipovich felt discomfort: his body temperature rose, sweating began to increase, and the frequency of breathing and heartbeat increased. The astronaut spent more than twelve minutes in open space.

The return to the spacecraft was associated with some difficulties. Due to the fact that the suit was greatly inflated, it was difficult for Leonov to return to the airlock. Therefore, he - in violation of the instructions - was forced to squeeze into it with the help of his hands head first.

Landing

The landing of the spacecraft was also accompanied by some unforeseen events. It was supposed to be carried out automatically after the spacecraft completed 17 orbits. But the automation failed. Therefore, Voskhod-2 had to be landed manually after 18 orbits.

The landing site was a taiga area in the Perm region. The rescue expedition was able to find the crew of the spacecraft only on the second day. This was explained by the fact that due to failures in automation, the landing took place in an unplanned place.

Further career as an astronaut

After making a historic flight, which culminated in the first successful manned spacewalk, Alexei Leonov received the title of Hero of the USSR. He was awarded the highest Soviet awards - the "Gold Star" and the Order of Lenin.

After that, and until 1969, inclusive, Leonov took part in the Soviet lunar program. But after the Americans landed on the moon, it was curtailed, since the USSR lost the championship to the United States in the “moon race”. Now the natural satellite of the Earth was not of particular interest to the domestic cosmonautics. Although at one time it was planned that it was Leonov who should become the man who landed on the moon for the first time.

At this time, along with work, Alexei Arkhipovich studied at the Air Force Academy in engineering.

In 1975 A. Leonov made his second flight into space. This time it was he who was the commander of the crew, which, in addition to him, included V. Kubasov. The flight was made on the aircraft "Soyuz-19" and lasted more than five days. For this expedition, he was once again awarded the title of Hero of the USSR.

In January 1982, forty-seven-year-old A. Leonov, along with other pilots of his generation, left the cosmonaut team. This was primarily due to his age. However, he continued until 1991 to hold the position of deputy. head of the CPC. In 1991 he retired with the rank of Major General.

Activity in retirement

But Alexey Arkhipovich is not such a person to be on a well-deserved rest. Already in 1992, he headed a company developing space programs. In addition, he is an official advisor to a member of the board of directors of one of the largest Russian banks.

The main hobby of Alexei Arkhipovich at present is painting. In this case, he received well-deserved recognition from professionals. A. Leonov collaborates with the artist A. Sokolov, with whom he is a co-author of a series of postage stamps.

Aleksey Arkhipovich does not shy away from politics either. He is currently a member of the Supreme Council of the United Russia party organization. Dmitry Medvedev personally congratulated him on his 75th birthday, who at that time held the post of President of Russia.

Family

The wife of Alexei Leonov is Svetlana Pavlovna Dotsenko, born in 1940. In the past, she worked as an editor at the CPC publishing house, and is now retired.

In marriage, they had two daughters - Victoria (b. 1961) and Oksana (b. 1967). But Victoria, who worked at Sovfracht, died in 1996 due to hepatitis with a pneumonic complication. Oksana is currently working as a translator.

Personal assessment

So, we learned about such an outstanding personality in history as A. A. Leonov (cosmonaut). His biography was rather difficult: already at an early age he was faced with Stalinist repressions, and in retirement he experienced the bitterness of losing his daughter.

But, despite all the misadventures and obstacles, A. Leonov managed to become one of the most famous personalities in the Soviet and world cosmonautics. It was he who was honored to go into outer space for the first time. Considering how the selection of candidates was treated at that time, it must be recognized that in order to be appointed to such a mission, a person had to have truly exceptional personal qualities. And Alexei Arkhipovich proved the correctness of this choice in practice.

A. Leonov demonstrated his inflexibility and industriousness after his retirement, when, instead of going on a well-deserved rest, he did not stop active labor and social activities.

It is people like A. A. Leonov that Russia is proud of.

A brief biography of Alexei Leonov, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, major general in reserve aviation, cosmonaut is set out in this article.

Alexey Leonov biography briefly

Leonov Alexey Arkhipovich was born in the village of Listvyanka on May 30, 1934 in a large family. His father was repressed in 1936, and after 3 years he was rehabilitated. The family was forced to first move to Kemerovo, then to Kaliningrad.

The young man in 1955 graduated from the Military Aviation School of the initial training of pilots in Kremenchug. Further training also with aviation: Leonov studied at the Chuguev Military Aviation School for Pilots and the Air Force Engineering Academy. Zhukovsky. Qualified as a pilot-cosmonaut-engineer. In 1978 he graduated from the school of test pilots.

In October 1957 he served as a pilot of the 113th Aviation Regiment of the 10th Fighter Aviation Division in the Kiev Military District. After 2 years he became a senior pilot, and in 1960, according to the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force, Leonov was enrolled in the cosmonaut corps of the Cosmonaut Training Center for the position of student-cosmonaut. In April 1961, he became an astronaut in the Training Center department.

Together with P. Belyaev, Alexei Arkhipovich made a space flight on March 18-19, 1965. Their ship "Voskhod-2" was the first machine in the world to fly in outer space for a duration of 12 minutes. In addition, Leonov underwent thorough training in flights to the Earth's satellite - the Moon.

In 1974, he received the position of deputy head at the Cosmonaut Training Center named after V.I. Gagarin and was a commander in the cosmonaut corps.

On July 15-21, 1975, Alexei Arkhipovich made another flight on the Soyuz-19 spacecraft into space. The flight lasted 5 days 22 hours 30 minutes. In the period 1982-1991, he held the post of first deputy head of the Training Center. Gagarin for space and flight training.

Leonov retired in 1992, having the rank of Major General of Aviation. Until 1993, he served as director of the Chetek company for space programs. From 1999 to 2000, he was president of the investment fund Alfa Capital. Today Leonov Alexey Arkhipovich holds the position of adviser to the first deputy of Alfa-Bank.

In addition to scientific activities, Leonov was an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Arts. His brush belongs to the creation of 200 graphic and pictorial canvases. He wrote several books - "Psychological features of interplanetary flight", "Perception of space and time in space", "Life among the stars", "Solar wind", "Going out into space".

Leonov is the owner of many awards and medals. I received my last award in May 2014. It was the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree. The Hero of the Soviet Union has honorary citizenship in 40 cities of Russia and other countries.

As for his personal life, Leonov is married to Svetlana Leonova, editor of the editorial and publishing department of the CPC. In marriage, 2 daughters were born - Victoria and Oksana.