The beginning of time is the creation of the world, adam and eve, cain and abel, the worldwide flood. The theme of the fall in painting. Biblical stories. Adam and Eve Drawing on the theme of adam and eve

Adam and Eve.

Adam (Hebrew אָדָם - Earth or man) and Eve (Hebrew חַוָּה, Chava - living or giving life) - in the Bible, the first people on Earth, created by God and the progenitors of the human race.

The Pentateuch provides a rather detailed description of the life of the first human couple. Major plot elements include the creation of Adam and Eve, the temptation and the fall; expulsion from Eden; and also the subsequent resettlement of people around the world outside the Garden of Eden.

"Adam and Eve", a diptych by Dürer

Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

And the Lord God brought a deep sleep to man; and when he fell asleep, he took one of his ribs, and closed that place
flesh.
And the Lord God created a woman from a rib taken from a man, and brought her to a man.
And the man said, Behold, this is bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; she will be called wife, for
taken from her husband.
Therefore, a man will leave his father and his mother and cleave to his wife; and they will be one flesh.
And both were naked, Adam and his wife, and were not ashamed.
OLD TESTAMENT

Jan Brueghel the Younger Creation of Adam

Piero della Francesca - Mort d "Adam

"Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden", Lucas Cranach, 1530

Lucas Cranach. 1536

Eve with a pomegranate.
Keler-Viliandi Ivan Petrovich

Pierre, Jean-Baptiste Marie - The Temptation of Eve

Expulsion of Adam and Eve (Alexandre Cabanel)

Creation

Genesis contains two parallel accounts of the Creation of the world and man:

Fall and expulsion from Eden
Hendrik Goltzius. Fall, 1616

According to the first option, the progenitors of mankind - man and woman - were created "in the image and likeness of God" at the end of the sixth day of creation, and they were given dominion over the entire earth and living beings.

According to the second version, God sculpted man (Adam) from the "dust of the earth" (Adam), breathed life into his nostrils and placed him in the Garden of Eden. Later, God put Adam to sleep, took one of his ribs and created from him the first woman - Eve, who became the wife of the first man. "And they were both naked, Adam and his wife, and were not ashamed."

Among the Garden of Eden were two special trees: the Tree of Life and the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil. The Lord allowed Adam to eat "from every tree in the garden" and only the fruits from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil forbade him to eat, warning that the consequence of disobedience would be death.

"The Fall", painting by Titian

Tintoretto Jacopo, The Temptation of Adam. 1552

The serpent, who "was more cunning than all the beasts of the field, which the Lord God created," tricks and cunning persuaded Eve to taste the fruit of the forbidden Tree of the knowledge of Good and Evil. The woman refuses, saying that God forbade them to eat from this tree, since the one who eats the fruit will die. The serpent answers her that she will not die: "You will be like gods who know good and evil." Finally, the woman succumbed to the persuasion of the serpent, violating the will of the Lord, after which she gave the fruit to Adam to taste. As a result, Adam and Eve knew good and evil, realized their nakedness and hid from God.

Michelangelo. A fragment of the painting of the Sistine Chapel, 1508-1512.

The misdeed was followed by punishment: The serpent was cursed and doomed to crawl on its belly and eat ashes; the woman was determined “to bear children in illness” and to be subordinate to her husband; the man was appointed with sorrow and by the sweat of his brow to labor all the days of his life on earth, which is "cursed for him." People ceased to be immortal and after death they must return to the earth in the form of dust, from which Adam was created.

After that, God made clothes for people and sent a man out of the Garden of Eden "to cultivate the land from which he was taken." So that people could not partake of the fruits of the Tree of Life, a cherub was placed at the entrance and a “flaming sword turning”.

Cornelis van Poelenburch - De verdrijving uit het paradijs

Lost heaven

And the Lord God said: Behold, Adam has become like one of Us, knowing good and evil; and now, as it were, he stretched out his hands
his own, and took neither of the tree of life, nor ate, nor began to live forever.
And the Lord God sent him out of the garden of Eden to cultivate the ground from which he was taken.
And he drove out Adam, and in the east, near the garden of Eden, he set a cherubim and a flaming sword turning to
guard the path to the tree of life.
(Genesis 3: 22-24) OLD TESTAMENT

Life after the expulsion from Eden

Adam knew his wife Eve, and she conceived and gave birth to Cain. Then Eve conceived again and gave birth to a second son - Abel. At 130 years old, they had a third son - Seth (Sheta), who, being the ancestor of Noah, became, thereby, one of the founders of all mankind; the descendants of the other sons of Adam and Eve perished during the Flood.

Adam Tills the Land, and Eve Nurses the Children. 1897

Adam and Eve with children under the tree
Ivanov Andrey Ivanovich

Cornelis van Haarlem - De eerste familie. 1589

Adam and Eve on the doors of the Ghent altar of the brothers van Eyck: the first people are depicted "with disguised shame", dressed in skins, that is, after the Fall

1. "Garden of Earthly Delights", left wing of Bosch's triptych. Image of the last three days of the creation of the world
2.Hieronymus Bosch.

Hieronymus Bosch. The Garden of Earthly Delights..1480-1505

Traditionally, the image of Adam can be found in four iconographic schemes:

* Creation of Adam
* Creation of Eve
* The fall
* Expulsion from paradise

In the last three, Eve accompanies him. In addition, the image of a detached spouse is widespread, sometimes against a neutral background - sometimes in a diptych format, which was convenient to use for the doors of altars. Depending on whether the couple is depicted before the Fall or after, they can be either naked or clothed. As a rule, Adam is always depicted as young, or as a man in his prime. A rarer example is the depiction of Adam and Eve toiling in the sweat of their brow after their expulsion from Eden.

In early Christian depictions, the couple was usually depicted entirely naked, without fig leaves - if the action takes place in the Garden of Eden, before the Fall. Eve's hair in this case is long and luxurious. After being expelled from paradise, they are depicted dressed, and Eve's hair has a much more modest appearance.

The most famous images of Adam and Eve are the works of Renaissance masters - Michelangelo's frescoes in the Sistine Chapel and Masaccio's “Expulsion from Paradise” painting, as well as a work by Albrecht Durer.

William Blake. Erzengel Raphael mit Adam und Eva. 1808

Lucas Cranach, Adam and Eve in Paradise

William Blake (1757-1827), Satan Watching the Caresses of Adam and Eve ".1808

El primer beso Salvador Viniegra y Lasso de la Vega (1891)

Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry, Folio 25v - The Garden of Eden the Musée Condé, Chantilly.

Hans Thoma. Adam und Eva. 1897

HarrowingBermejo.Christ Leading the Patriarchs to Paradise. Institute of Hispanic Art, Barcelona / Methuselah, Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, and Adam and Eve lead the procession of the righteous behind Christ. 1480

Johann Heinrich Füssli. Die Erschaffung Evas. 1793

Man Made in the Image of God, 1906

Meister bertram von minden

Meister des Marschalls von Boucicaut-Die Geschichte von Adam und Eva. 1415

The first Festival of drawings of all rebziks is open! We will be glad to accept you into the ranks of real children's artists!

To participate in the festival children's drawings you need to send us your work. Any plot will do: a city, a river, an airplane, a car, or even space. Draw what you do best, or try to draw what you have never drawn before.

Draw whatever you want! Take paints, pencils, felt-tip pens or crayons, or all at once and start. Just do everything carefully, try and do not rush. There is no need for haste in this matter.

When the drawing is ready, scan it and save it in jpg format. Don't be small. Try to make the picture bigger, not less than 740 pixels in width or height. If you don't know how to scan yourself, ask an adult to help you. And let them be sure to explain everything to you and show you so that next time you can do everything yourself.

If you don't have a scanner at home, ask the adults: perhaps they have it at work. You can also take a picture of a child's drawing and upload the picture to your computer. Remember, your work should not have copyrights, addresses and logos of other sites: (((The picture must be original.

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Want to learn How to draw Adam and Eve with a pencil step by step, take a few simple steps.

Step 1. Let's start by drawing guidelines and shapes for each person in this tutorial. You will need to draw the guides 'head, torso and hip guides, then draw in the guides' limbs.

Step 2. Here you define the figures of Adam and Eve's faces so then draw at the beginning of a part of your hairline. For Adam you will need to draw in the ear and for Eve you will need to sketch in the shape of her neck.

Step 3. Continue working on Adam and Eve. You will basically finish their hairstyles that will also go into their head figures. Eve has long, flowing hair that is also thick and wavy. Draw in their simple faces and then proceed to step four.

Step 4. Let's solve the problem of sketching out the Adam and Eve bodies. Start with Adam and just draw a body outline that is almost in a board shape. Eva, you will attract less frame from the hourglass.

Step 6. Finally, you will sketch out Adam and Eve's legs, then sketch in detail for Adam's knees, groin, and create his male chest. Draw in fig leaves and finish. Erase mistakes and recommendations / forms.

Step 7. Before we see what the finished drawing looks like, you need to draw in a giant apple tree that a man and a woman known as Adam and Eve are standing side by side. Draw in the branches, apples and ground in a.

The beginning of time and all that exists on the planet, the creation of the world and man, the fall from sin in paradise, the first murder of a brother by a brother, a worldwide flood - reflection on these global philosophical topics described in the Bible has invariably provided food for artistic interpretation of Old Testament events in Russian painting. Masters of different schools and trends addressed these key subjects for the human worldview, they all wanted to convey to the audience their own vision of the images generated by their imagination and transferred to the canvas. The selection contains paintings by Russian artists on biblical subjects from the creation of the world to the end of the Flood.

world creation

"And there was evening and there was morning, one day."

On the second day, God created "the firmament", which he called the sky, that is, the actual heavenly vault, "and separated the water that is under the firmament from the water that is above the firmament." Thus, the waters of the earth and the waters of heaven appeared, pouring onto the earth in the form of precipitation.

On the third day, God said, "Let the water that is under the sky be gathered into one place, and let the dry land appear." He called the land the earth, and the “gathering of waters” the seas. "And God saw that it was good."

Then He said: "Let the earth bring forth greenery, grass that sows seed after its kind and after its likeness, and a fruit tree that bears fruit after its kind, in which is its seed on the earth."

On the fourth day, God created the sun, moon and stars "to illuminate the earth, and to separate day from night, and for signs and times and days and years."

On the fifth day, birds, fish, reptiles and animals were created. God blessed them and commanded them to "be fruitful and multiply."

Chaos. World creation.
Ivan Aivazovsky. 1841. Oil on paper. 106x75 (108x73).
Museum of the Armenian Congregation of Mkhitarists.
St. Lazarus Island, Venice

After graduating from the course with a gold medal of the first degree, Aivazovsky received the right to travel abroad as a pensioner of the academy. And in 1840 he left for Italy.

The artist worked in Italy with great enthusiasm and created about fifty large paintings here. Exhibited in Naples and Rome, they caused a real stir and glorified the young painter. Critics wrote that no one had ever depicted light, air and water so vividly and reliably.

Belonging to the confession of the Armenian Apostolic Church, Aivazovsky created a number of paintings on biblical subjects. The painting “Chaos. Creation of the World ”Aivazovsky was honored to enter the permanent exhibition of the Vatican Museum. Pope Gregory XVI awarded the artist a gold medal. On this occasion, Gogol jokingly told the artist: "Your 'Chaos' has raised chaos in the Vatican." Rawdon

World creation.
Ivan Aivazovsky. 1864 Oil on canvas. 196x233.

Navy of the USSR and Russia

World creation. Chaos.
I.K. Aivazovsky. 1889 Oil on canvas, 54x76.
Feodosia Picture Gallery I. K. Aivazovsky

Aivazovsky, as a rule, painted his paintings without preliminary studies and sketches. But there were also exceptions. The sketch for the painting "Chaos" focuses on infinite space. From an unimaginable distance, light emanates, which makes its way to the fore. According to Christian philosophy, God is light. Many of Aivazovsky's works are imbued with this idea. In this case, the author masterfully coped with the task of reproducing light. Back in 1841, Aivazovsky presented a painting of similar content to the Pope, after Gregory XVI decided to buy it for his collection. NV Gogol (1809-1852), who highly appreciated the work of an unknown young scholar, wrote: “The image of 'Chaos', according to the general opinion, is distinguished by a new idea and is recognized as a miracle of art.” There is also another, joking statement by Gogol: “ You, little man, came from the banks of the Neva to Rome and immediately raised "Chaos" in the Vatican. " Crimean Art Gallery

The first day of creation. Shine.
A. A. Ivanov

Illustration for the Book of Genesis. From the cycle "Days of Creation".
A. A. Ivanov

Creation of the luminaries of the night.
K.F.Yuon. From the cycle "Creation of the World". 1908-1919. Ink, graphite, paper. 51x66.9.

"Let there be light."
Yuon Konstantin Fedorovich. From the cycle "Creation of the World". 1910 Engraving on zinc, 23.6х32.9.
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

"Let there be light."
Yuon Konstantin Fedorovich. From the cycle "Creation of the World". 1910 Engraving on zinc.
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

The kingdom of vegetation.
Yuon Konstantin Fedorovich. 1908 Ink and pen on paper. 51x68.

http://artcyclopedia.ru/1908_carstvo_rastitelnosti_b_tush_pero_51h68_gtg-yuon_konstantin_fedorovich.htm

The animal kingdom.
Yuon Konstantin Fedorovich. 1908 Ink and pen on paper. 48x65.
State Tretyakov Gallery
http://artcyclopedia.ru/1908_carstvo_zhivotnyh_b_tush_pero_48h65_gtg-yuon_konstantin_fedorovich.htm

Water kingdom.
Yuon Konstantin Fedorovich. 1910 Engraving on zinc. 23.6x32.9.
Location State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

Creation of plants.

Creator.
Stained-glass window "Prophets".
Marc Chagall. Fragment.
Fraumunster, Zurich

Rose "Creation of the World".
Marc Chagall.
Fraumunster, Zurich

World creation.
Marc Chagall. Paris, 1960. Lithograph.

Creation of man (La Cr? Ation de l'homme).
Marc Chagall.
Chagall Museum, Nice

Creation of man.
Marc Chagall. 1956 Etching with dry point and sandpaper, hand-colored.
josefglimergallery.com

The fifth day of Creation.

Vladimirsky Cathedral, Kiev

God is the Creator, days of creation.
Kotarbinsky Wilhelm Alexandrovich (1849-1922). Fresco.
Vladimirsky Cathedral, Kiev
The painting is located on the ceiling of the service room, at the end of the left nave

“Thus are heaven and earth and all their host made perfect.
And on the seventh day God finished His works that He did, and He rested on the seventh day from all His works that He did.
And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it, for on that day He rested from all His works, which God did and created. "
Genesis (2: 1-3)

Adam and Eve

Adam and Eve are “progenitors”, the first people on earth.

“And God said: Let us make man in Our image [and] after Our likeness, and let them rule over the fish of the sea, and over the birds of the air, [and over the beasts,] and over cattle, and over all the earth, and over all creeping things, reptiles on the ground. And God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. And God blessed them, and God said to them: be fruitful and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it ... "(Gen. 1: 26-28).

In the second chapter of Genesis, another version is given:

“And the Lord God created man out of the dust of the earth, and breathed into him the breath of life, and man became a living soul. And the Lord God planted a paradise in Eden in the east, and placed there the man he had created. And the Lord God grew out of the earth every tree that is pleasing to the sight and good for food, and the tree of life in the midst of Paradise, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil ... And the Lord God took the man [whom he created] and placed him in the garden of Eden, to cultivate it and store it. And the Lord God commanded man, saying: From every tree in the garden you will eat, but from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you will not eat from it, for on the day you eat of it, you will die a death ”(2: 7-9, 15-17).

Then God created a woman from Adam's rib, Eve, so that Adam could have a helper. Adam and Eve lived happily in Eden (the Garden of Eden), but then they sinned: succumbing to the entreaties of the devil in the form of a serpent, ate the forbidden fruit from the tree of knowledge, and became capable of doing both good and bad deeds. For this, God drove them out of Paradise, telling Adam: "... in the sweat of your face you will eat bread, until you return to the ground from which you were taken, for dust you and to dust you will return" (3:19). But God said to Eve: “... I will multiply your sorrow in your pregnancy; in illness you will bear children; and your desire is for your husband, and he will rule over you ”(Gen. 3:16). “Let the wife study in silence, with all submission; but I do not allow my wife to teach, nor to rule over her husband, but to be in silence. For Adam was created first, and then Eve; and Adam is not deceived; but the wife, being deceived, fell into transgression; nevertheless, he will be saved through childbearing if he abides in faith and love and in holiness with chastity ”(1 Tim. 11-15).

According to Christian ideas, immortality was originally prepared for man. The biblical sages testify to this: Solomon and Jesus, the son of Sirachs: “God created man for incorruption and made him the image of His eternal existence; but death entered the world through the envy of the devil, and those who belong to his inheritance test it ”(Prem. Sol. 2: 23-24).

The sinned Adam no longer seems to God worthy of the great gift of immortality. “And the Lord God said: Behold, Adam became like one of Us, knowing good and evil; and now, no matter how he stretched out his hand, and did not take from the tree of life, and did not taste, and did not begin to live forever. And the Lord God sent him out of the garden of Eden to cultivate the ground from which he was taken. And he drove out Adam, and put in the east near the garden of Eden a cherub and a flaming sword turning to guard the way to the tree of life ”(Genesis 3: 22-24).

In the New Testament, Adam (lit. "earth, red earth") personifies man in his fleshly, weak, sinful hypostasis, a perishable man, that is, mortal. This is how he will be until Jesus Christ wins. The "old Adam" will be replaced by the "new Adam". The holy Apostle Paul wrote about this in the First Epistle to the Corinthians: “For as death comes through man, so through man comes the resurrection of the dead. As in Adam all die, so in Christ all will come to life ... The first man Adam became a living soul; and the last Adam is a life-giving spirit ... The first man is from the earth, earthy; the second man is the Lord from heaven ... And as we bore the image of the earthy one, we will also bear the image of the heavenly ”(1 Cor. 15: 21-22, 45, 47, 49).

Eve (“life”) “became famous” for centuries by her irrepressible curiosity, because of which she succumbed to the persuasion of the serpent (devil) and ate the forbidden fruit from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, and even set her husband to fall into sin. This frivolous act, on the one hand, doomed the first people and all mankind to all kinds of disasters, and on the other, led to an attempt by man to become the master of his own destiny.

Adam and Eve had sons: Abel, Cain and Seth, who was born when Adam was one hundred and thirty years old. After the birth of Seth, Adam lived another 800 years, “and he begat sons and daughters” (Gen. 5: 4). Bible Guide

Adam.
Detail drawing of Michelangelo's fresco "The Creation of Adam"
A. A. Ivanov

Covenant with Adam.
Kotarbinsky Wilhelm Alexandrovich (1849-1922). Fresco.
Vladimirsky Cathedral, Kiev

God leads Eve to Adam.
A. A. Ivanov

“And the Lord God made a woman out of a rib taken from a man, and brought her to a man” (Gen. 2:22).

Bliss of Paradise.
V.M. Vasnetsov. 1885-1896

Russian religious painting

Eve with a pomegranate.
Keler-Viliandi Ivan (Johan) Petrovich (1826-1899). 1881 Oil on canvas.
Ulyanovsk Art Museum

Adam and Eve.
Mikhail Vasilievich Nesterov. 1898 Watercolor, gouache, paper, 30.5x33.
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg
Photos-Yandex

Adam and Eve.
Nesterov Mikhail Vasilievich (1862-1942). 1898 Gouache, watercolor, bronze, lead pencil on paper mounted on cardboard. 30 x 33 cm
State Russian Museum
http://www.art-catalog.ru/picture.php?id_picture\u003d4656

Adam and Eve.
Konstantin Yuon. 1908–09 Paper mounted on cardboard, ink, pen.
Serpukhov History and Art Museum

Adam and Eve (Rhythm).
Vladimir Baranov-Rossine. 1910 Oil on canvas, 202x293.3.

Adam and Eve.
Vladimir Baranov-Rossine. 1912 Study 3. Oil on paper, 47x? 65.5.
Private collection

Adam and Eve.
Vladimir Baranov-Rossine. 1912 Oil on canvas, 155x219.7.
Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza collection
Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid, Spain
Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum - Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza

Eve.
Vladimir Baranov-Rossine, 1912

Man and woman. Adam and Eve.
Pavel Nikolaevich Filonov. 1912-13
Exhibition "Eyewitness of the Invisible"

Man and woman.
Pavel Nikolaevich Filonov. 1912 g.
Paper, brown ink, pen, lead pencil, 18.5x10.8 (outlined).
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

Man and woman.
Paper, duplicated onto Whatman paper and canvas, oil. 150.5x114.5 (author's paper); 155x121 (canvas)
Exhibition "Eyewitness of the Invisible"

Man and woman.
Pavel Nikolaevich Filonov. 1912-1913
Watercolor, brown ink, ink, pen, brush on paper.
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

Man and woman.
Pavel Nikolaevich Filonov. 1912-1913
Watercolor, brown ink, ink, pen, brush on paper, 31x23.3.
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg
Olga "s Gallery

The entire semantics of Filonov's paintings is realized in metaphor, in a symbol, in a sign. Moreover, its symbolism has a greater historical depth than that of the Symbolists at the turn of the century. The fish is a Christological sign, the tree is the tree of life, the barge is Noah's ark, man and woman are naked Adam and Eve in the face of the world, history - past and future.

Filonov often returned to the subject of Adam and Eve (cf. several oil paintings, watercolors and ink drawings "Man and Woman". 1912-1913) and the primordial world of Genesis, recalling in this case the themes of the expulsion of vice and the inevitability of hell, rather than the spiritual purity and moral lessons. Although Adam in both versions of "Man and Woman" is still asexual, and both figures seem to dance with still innocent joy, their environment no longer appears as a blossoming pristine landscape of Genesis, but as a sinful city inhabited by monsters and freaks. as if they had come from medieval descent into hell.
Raised as an Orthodox Christian, Filonov knew Holy Scripture well, and many interpretations of it can be found in the artist's works. Filonov painted at least a hundred icons, several versions of the Madonna and Child, and two scenes with the Magi, and a painting originally called The Holy Family, which was renamed Peasant Family in Soviet times (1914). In other words, it would be logical to assume that Filonov filled his two paintings entitled "Man and Woman" with allusions to Genesis, fall and exile. Whether these works were caused by religious convictions, deep life experience or familiarity with Italian, French and German paintings based on scenes from the Old Testament, which he saw while traveling in Europe in 1912, they constitute a special and significant part of his pictorial wealth and repeat, as well as before, in many of Filonov's drawings and paintings, both early and late, the theme of the moral fall of the Adams and Eves and the apple that provoked them. True, these motives do not always correspond to the truth of the biblical narrative, but they can also be recognized among compositional heaps, for example, in The Girl with a Flower (1913) and, possibly, in The Formula of the Petrograd Proletariat (1920–1921). Booklet for the exhibition "Witness of the Invisible"

Adam and Eve.
Marc Chagall. 1912 Oil on canvas, 160.5x109.
Museum of Art, St. Louis, USA
if-art.com

Angel at the gates of Paradise.
Marc Chagall. 1956 g.
Marc Chagall

Garden of Eden (Le jardin d'Eden).
Marc Chagall. 1961 Oil on canvas, 199x288.
Marc Chagall Museum, Nice

Paradise. Green donkey.
Marc Chagall. Paris, 1960. Lithograph.
Marc Chagall

The Fall. Eve and the serpent.
V.M. Vasnetsov. 1891 g.
Sketch for painting the Vladimir Cathedral in Kiev
http://hramznameniya.ru/photo/?id\u003d381

Temptation of Eve by the serpent.
V.M. Vasnetsov. 1885-1896
Fragment of the painting of the Vladimir Cathedral in Kiev
Vladimirsky Cathedral, Kiev
Tanais Gallery

The Fall.
A. A. Ivanov

The tempting serpent tempted Eve to eat the fruit of the forbidden tree, saying that it would make people like gods.

“And the woman saw that the tree is good for food, and that it is pleasing to the eyes and desirable, because it gives knowledge; and she took its fruit and ate; And she gave also to her husband, and he ate ”(Genesis 3: 6).

Temptation.
I. E. Repin. 1891 Pastel, charcoal, graphite on paper. 29? 41.
Far Eastern Art Museum

Adam and Eve
I. E. Repin. 30x41
Ateneum Art Museum, Helsinki, Finland

Illustration for the Book of Genesis.
Expulsion from paradise.
A. A. Ivanov

Expulsion from paradise.
Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin. 1911 g.

Serpent.
Marc Chagall. Paris, 1956 Lithograph.
Gallery of contemporary art

Paradise. Tree of life
Marc Chagall. 1960 g.
Gallery of contemporary art

Adam and Eve and the forbidden fruit

Punishment of Eve by God.
Marc Chagall. Paris, 1960. Lithograph.
Marc Chagall

Adam and Eve: expulsion from Paradise.
Marc Chagall. 1960 g.
Marc Chagall

Expulsion from paradise.
Marc Chagall. Paris, 1956 Lithograph

Expulsion from Paradise (Adam et Eve chass? S du Paradis).
Marc Chagall. 1954-1967
Marc Chagall Museum, Nice

Adam and Eve.
Yuri Annenkov. 1912

Works of the grandparents.
Vasnetsov Viktor Mikhailovich.
State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

Adam and Eve with children under the tree.
Ivanov Andrey Ivanovich. 1803 Oil on canvas. 161x208.
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

For this picture, the artist A.I. Ivanov received the title of academician of painting

Expulsion from paradise.
Claudius Vasilievich Lebedev

Cain and Abel

Cain and Abel are the sons of Adam and Eve. According to the biblical myth, the elder, Cain, tilled the land, the younger, Abel, grazed the flocks. Abel's bloody gift was pleasing to God, Cain's sacrifice was rejected. Jealous of his brother, Cain killed him.

Abel.
Anton Pavlovich Losenko. 1768 Oil on canvas 120х174.
Kharkiv Art Museum, Ukraine

Cain.
Anton Pavlovich Losenko. 1768 Oil on canvas. 158.5x109
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

... During this period Losenko paid much attention to picturesque sketches of the nude body; as a result, the famous paintings "Abel" and "Cain" (both 1768) appeared. They reflected not only the ability to accurately convey the anatomical features of the human body, but also the ability to communicate to them the richness of picturesque shades inherent in living nature.

As a true representative of classicism, Losenko depicted Cain as a sketch of a nude model. This reporting pensioner work by Losenko was exhibited at a public exhibition of the Imperial Academy of Arts in 1770. Judging by the reports of A.P. Losenko, it was written in Rome, from March to September 1768. The name "Cain" was received already in the 19th century. The second painting, called "Abel", is in the Kharkov Museum of Fine Arts. www.nearyou.ru

Sacrifice of Abel.
Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin. 1910 g.

Ovruch (Ukraine)

The placement of murals on non-canonical themes in the accurately recreated ensemble of the cathedral is probably explained by the fact that they are a kind of allegory of the events of the death of Prince Oleg in the ditch of the Ovruch fortress after the defeat of the army by the squad of his brother Yaropolk.

First murder.
F. Bruni. 1867

Cain, condemned by the Lord for fratricide and fleeing from the wrath of God.
Vikenty Ivanovich Brioski. 1813. Oil on canvas. 86 x 65
Old Testament. Genesis, IV, 1, 9.

Above on the back of the canvas in red: No. 71; on the left side of the upper bar of the stretcher there is a blue stamp: I.A.X. on the upper bar of the stretcher in blue pencil: no. 71. Brioski; on the right plank in blue pencil: Delivered In The Storeroom 1794 (?), 9 Sepabr .; ink: 3. V .; on the left bar
in red pencil: Picture No. 71; below in graphite pencil: timing 2180; stamp on the lower bar: G.R.M. inv. No. 2180 (number crossed out)
Received: in 1923 from AH * Zh-3474

Written according to the program given in 1812. The minutes of the Council of the IAH * testifies that “the foreign painter Brioski, who already exhibited his works at the Academy, was assigned a program at his request:“ to introduce Cain, condemned by the Lord for fratricide and fleeing from the wrath of God. " in the picture must be small in size<...> which to be included in the number of those appointed "(Petrov 1865 **, pp. 39-40). In 1813, at the annual meeting of the IAH, he received the title of academician for this picture (ibid., pp. 47-48).

* (Russian) Academy of Arts, since 1917; earlier: IAH - Imperial (Russian) Academy of Arts. St. Petersburg-Petrograd, 1840-1893; earlier: 1757-1764 - Academy of Three Noble Arts; 1764-1840 - Educational school at the IAH; further: 1893-1917 - Higher art school of painting, sculpture and architecture at the IAH. Imperial Academy of Arts (institution). St. Petersburg-Petrograd, 1764-1917.
** Collection of materials for the history of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Arts for a hundred years of existence / Ed. Ya. Ya. Petrova. SPb, 1865, vol. 2.
http://www.tez-rus.net/ViewGood36688.html

Brioski Vikenty Ivanovich - academician of historical painting, b. in 1786 in Florence and here he studied at the Academy with the painter Benvenuti; in 1811 Brioski came to St. Petersburg, where, after two years of studying historical painting, for the painting: "Cain, persecuted by God's wrath for fratricide" received the title of academician. In 1817 Brioski was assigned to St. Petersburg. The Imperial Hermitage for the restoration of paintings, which often sent him abroad to carry out various assignments for the artistic part. Vikenty Ivanovich Brioski died in 1843.

Cain's murder of Abel.
Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin. 1910 g.
A fresco in the church of Vasily the Golden-Domed, reconstructed by A.V.Shchusev (12th century),
Ovruch (Ukraine)

In October 1910, the artist traveled to Ukraine in the city of Ovruch, where in the 12th century church reconstructed by A.V.Shchusev he painted one of the two stair towers on the sides of the western facade. Petrov-Vodkin depicted the biblical scenes "Abel makes a sacrifice to God" and "Cain kills his brother Abel", and placed the "All-Seeing Eye" and a rainbow in the dome of the tower. The work captured the artist and predetermined his further creative aspirations, which are now inextricably linked with the lofty principles of ancient Russian art.

Cain and Abel.
Marc Chagall
etnaa.mylivepage.ru

Cain and Abel.
Marc Chagall. Paris, 1960 Lithograph
http://www.affordableart101.com/images/chagall%20cain.JPG

Cain and Abel.
Klavdiy Vasilievich Lebedev.

global flood

“In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on this day all the springs of the great abyss were opened, and the windows of heaven were opened; and it rained on the earth forty days and forty nights. And the water on the earth increased exceedingly, so that all the high mountains that are under the whole sky were covered; the water rose fifteen cubits above them, and [all the high] mountains were covered. And all flesh that moved on the earth, and birds, and cattle, and beasts, and all the creeping things that crawled on the earth, and all people, lost their life; everything that had the breath of the spirit of life in its nostrils on land died. " Genesis

Old Testament Elder Noah with his sons. XVIII century.
Unknown artist. Canvas (duplicated), oil. 126x103 cm.

The painting has been restored several times.
The plot of the picture is of a didactic nature. Works of this type were especially common among the Old Believers. The left side of the canvas depicts a long-bearded old man in a gray shirt with whitewash folds in a three-quarter turn. Above his head - a halo of the European type and the inscription "Noah". The elder's shoulders are covered with red and blue veils. With crossed arms, he blesses the sons depicted below - the red-haired Japhet and the gray-haired and representative Shem. Both have lush beards and are dressed in caftans. From behind Noah's back, the head of a dejected Ham is visible, who, in thought, rests on his right hand.
At the bottom left, there is a chaste scene of Noah's intoxication. Top right - a flood with drowning people. Even more to the right, you can see a tree on a rock, from which a swaddled baby is lowered into the mother's arms. Across the "strait" on the dark brown Mount Ararat stands Noah's Ark, on which is a white, basilical-type building. Above him are two flying doves, who let Noah know about the approaching land - the top of the mountain. These scenes are provided with almost unreadable explanatory captions. But at the bottom right there is a large white plaque with the text that reads: "Will Noah live in the flood of three hundred and fifty years, and all the days of Noah's flight will be 950 and will die."
The plot emphasizes the importance of righteous children who honor their parents. It is possible that the author's emphasis on the lush beards of the depicted characters is associated with opposition to the decree of Peter I on shaving beards.
The nature of the performance of the work testifies to the author's strong connection with icon painting.
M. Krasilin. MDA http://www.mpda.ru/cak/collections/88423.html

Global flood.
Ivan Aivazovsky. 1864 Oil on canvas. Canvas, oil. 246.5x319.5.
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg
Rawdon

In 1862, Aivazovsky painted two versions of the painting "The Flood", and then throughout his life he repeatedly returned to this biblical story. One of the best versions of the painting "The Flood" was painted by him in 1864.

It is the sea that usually appears to him as the universal basis of nature and history, especially in plots with the creation of the world and the flood; however, the images of religious, biblical or evangelical iconography, as well as ancient mythology, cannot be counted among his greatest successes. Tanais Gallery

global flood
Vereshchagin Vasily Petrovich. Sketch. 1869 Oil on canvas. 53x73.5.
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

Global flood.
Fyodor Antonovich Bruni. Painting of the attic of the cathedral.
Isaac's Cathedral, Saint Petersburg

The painting technique is peculiar: with oil paints on plaster covered with oily primer according to the system of French chemists D Arce and Tenor (one part wax, three parts boiled oil and 1/10 part lead oxide). The plaster was impregnated with hot primer, rubbed with pumice stone and covered with whitewash in oil.

Improvisation. The flood.
V.V. Kandinsky. 1913 Oil on canvas, 95 × 150.
Munich, Germany. City Gallery in Lenbachhaus

Noah's Ark.
Andrey Petrovich Ryabushkin (1861-1904). 1882 g.
State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg
commons.wikimedia.org

Noah's Ark.
David Davidovich Burliuk (1882-1967). 1954 Paper, ink, brush, pencil, 21.8x29.8.
Galerix

Noah's Ark.

Noah's Ark (L'Arche de Noé)
Marc Chagall. 1955-1956 65x50
Marc Chagall Museum, Nice

Noah and the rainbow (Noé et l'arc-en-ciel).
Marc Chagall.
Chagall Museum, Nice

Descent of Noah from Mount Ararat.
Ivan Aivazovsky. 1870th. Canvas, oil
Museum of the Armenian Patriarchate, Istanbul
Rawdon

Descent of Noah from Ararat.
Ivan Aivazovsky. 1889 Oil on canvas.
National Gallery of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia

The creative individuality and worldview of the great marine painter by their national roots, already during his lifetime, connected him with the Armenian culture. Aivazovsky wrote the biblical Mount Ararat - the symbol of Armenia - at least ten times. He first exhibited "The Descent of Noah from Ararat" in Paris, and when local compatriots asked if he had any Armenian views, he brought them to the picture and said: "This is our Armenia."

Subsequently, Aivazovsky presented the canvas to the Novonakhichevan school. During the civil war, the school was turned into a barracks, which was alternately occupied by white and then red. The picture covered the gap in the door. Once the gap was covered with a board, and the picture disappeared. The kidnapper was Martiros Sarian, who once studied at this school. In 1921, among the pieces of Armenian art he collected, he brought “The Descent of Noah” to Yerevan. Tanais Gallery

Descent of Noah from Ararat.
Ivan Aivazovsky. 1897 g.
The drawing was made for the book "Fraternal aid to the Armenians in Turkey" (compiled by G. Dzhanshiev)

Sacrifice of Noah after the flood.
F. A. Bruni (1799-1875). 1837-1845
Oil painting on dry plaster
Painting attic in the northwestern part of St. Isaac's Cathedral
http://www.isaac.spb.ru/photogallery?step\u003d2&id\u003d1126

A plot from the Old Testament. After the flood, for five months everything on Earth was covered with water. The ark stopped on the Ararat mountains. When the earth dried up, Noah came out of the ark (after staying in it for one year) and released the animals to breed on the earth. In gratitude for his salvation, he built an altar and made a sacrifice to God, and received a promise that there would be no flood in the future. The banner of this promise is the rainbow that appears in the sky after the rain, as a sign that it is not a rain of a flood, but a rain of blessing.

Noah's grateful sacrifice.
Klavdiy Vasilievich Lebedev.
Church and Archaeological Office of the MDA

Noah curses Ham.
Ksenofontov Ivan Stepanovich (1817-1875). Canvas, oil
Buryat Republican Art Museum. Ts. S. Sampilova

As all art lovers know, one of the most popular for the visual arts of the European Middle Ages and the Renaissance was biblical subjects, which is not surprising, as I think, given the following factors:
- At first, for people of the Middle Ages, religious consciousness was almost decisive both in everyday life and in creativity;
- Secondly, it was the biblical subjects that were most understandable at that time for representatives of any class, therefore, one should not discount the desire of artists to be understood by the masses, and popular not only in the aristocratic, but also among the common people;
- third, many painters worked on the orders of the Church, which in the conditions of the illiteracy of the absolute majority of its parishioners, as well as the obscure Mass in dead Latin, sought to convey to the flock the essence of the Christian faith by any means, including through the visual series.

This, incidentally, is typical for both the Catholic and the Orthodox Church. Fresco painting in religious buildings of both denominations is replete with images of scenes from the Old Testament history, the Passion of the Lord, the acts of the apostles, the Last Judgment, etc.

I think it will be interesting to trace exactly which biblical subjects were used by artists in their work. And of course, in this case, you need to start with the Book of Genesis, with the Act of Creation, with the first, according to the Bible, people - Adam and Eve.

On the sixth Day of Creation, according to the Bible (Gen. 1: 24-31), God created the first people - Adam and Eve.
Main plots about Adam and Eve in the visual arts can be roughly divided into several topics:

- The Act of Creation;
- Stay of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, that is, in paradise;
- Temptation;
- Expulsion from Paradise.

Before the early Renaissance, in the Act of Creation, God, as a rule, was depicted as the second person of the Trinity - Jesus Christ, but in later works he is associated with the "patriarchal" type of God the Father. He breathes life into Adam's nostrils or extends his hand to convey life to him with his touch.

In the scene of the creation of Eve, Adam lies on the ground, because God put him into a deep sleep, and in the meantime removes a rib from him. Although the Book of Genesis states that Eve was created from a rib after God took it out and covered this place in Adam (Gen. 2:21 - 22), there was a widespread rule according to which she was depicted as leaving the body of Adam while he is still sleeping.

According to another version, she is depicted completely created, standing before God in a pose expressing reverence. Occasionally, artists depicted this pair without navels, thus emphasizing their immaculate origin.

Garden of Eden.

The paintings of the artists of the Northern Renaissance depicted lush vegetation in paradise with long alleys and forest clearings. Southern masters aspired to the image of paradise as an oasis in the desert; it is fed by four rivers and is often walled. All kinds of animals live in paradise, and Adam gives them names (Gen. 2:19 - 21). He can either stand above them on a dais, or they pass in front of him, and in the meantime he writes their names in a book.

Temptation.

God, on pain of death, forbade Adam to eat the fruit of the Tree of the knowledge of good and evil, but the Serpent, the most cunning of all God's creatures, seduced Eve, saying: "Your eyes will be opened, and you will be like gods who know good and evil" (Gen. : 3: 5). Eve ate the fruit and gave it to Adam, who also ate it. "And the eyes of both of them were opened, and they knew that they were naked, and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons" (Genesis 3: 7).

Usually the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil is an apple tree or a fig tree. Serpent - the tempter is depicted curling around the trunk or standing next to it. He may have a female head, and sometimes a torso (the influence of Middle Eastern legends about Lilith is obvious here). Adam and Eve stand by the tree, Eve holds the fruit or is depicted at the moment when she tries to hide it, or, having bitten it, offers it to Adam.

Expulsion from paradise.

God cursed the Serpent: "You will walk on your belly, and you will eat dust" (Gen. 3: 7). Eve for her disobedience was condemned in the throes of bearing children and enduring the reign of Adam. The punishment for Adam was to continue to work in the field until his death, earning his daily bread. God dressed them both in clothes of leather and expelled them from paradise so that they would not also taste of the Tree of Life and gain immortality. And in order to preserve this Tree, God "set in the east near the garden of Eden a cherub and a flaming sword turning" (Gen. 3:24).

In the visual arts, Adam and Eve leave Eden naked, hiding behind their hands, or a garland of leaves wraps around their hips; their faces express extreme grief and despair. An angel is also depicted leading them out of paradise, in whose hands a sword or whip.