Interesting facts about Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. Interesting facts about Stalin Interesting information about Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (Dzhugashvili) (1979-1953). State, military and political figure of the Soviet Union. In principle, an entire article could be devoted to him, but here I would like to highlight several interesting facts about Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin.

8. Why did he die?

10.

1. During the war, Stalin did not excuse his sons, but also sent them to the front, like all ordinary citizens.

2. Stalin resigned three times. but his request was rejected.

3. On March 5, 1953, in addition to Stalin, the Soviet composer Sergei Prokofiev also died, but since all attention was focused on Joseph Vissarionovich, the death of the famous composer went unnoticed.

4. When Stalin was shown a new car called “Rodina,” he asked ironically how much “Rodina” would cost. After this, the car was renamed “Victory”.

5. Joseph Stalin loved to read and for him it was normal to read 200-300 pages daily.

6. Stalin did not like to drink, especially vodka, but when it came to alcohol, he drank only wines of the Tsinandali and Teliani brands.

7. After Stalin's death, all geographical names containing his surname were renamed, for example Stalingrad and Stalin Peak. But street names were not included in this purge.

8. Why did he die? Joseph Stalin? And he died from a hemorrhage in.

9. During the Victory Parade, on the orders of Stalin himself, a wounded army dog was carried in his overcoat.

10. Stalin was the last in Russia who bore the title of Generalissimo and the only one who had the title of “Generalissimo of the Soviet Union.” Now there is simply no such title.

11. In January 1940 and January 1943, Stalin became “Person of the Year” according to the American magazine “Time”.

12. In addition to Russian and Georgian, Stalin knew ancient Greek and Church Slavonic languages very well.

13. Joseph Vissarionovich was arrested, more than once.

14. Vasily, Stalin's son, was nominated for the rank of general 12 times, but Stalin constantly withdrew the nomination.

15. And the last interesting fact about Stalin for today. Archive of V.I. Stalin was destroyed after the death of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief.

Stalin served his sentence six times. He received only one term for political reasons. All the rest were imprisoned for robbery.

9

In 1941, the Germans captured Stalin's eldest son Yakov. They firmly believed that they would be able to exchange the son of the leader of the USSR for the German Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus. Stalin refused to negotiate with them. In 1943, Jacob died under mysterious circumstances at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Northeast Germany. Most historians believe he was killed because his father refused to negotiate. Later, Stalin confessed to his daughter Svetlana Alliluyeva: “The Germans offered me to exchange Yasha for one of their own. I refused. Will I bargain with them? In war it’s like in war!”

8

This saying is usually attributed to Stalin. However, no one has found where or when he said this. Moreover, it is very similar to the phrase from the novel “Black Obelisk”, written by Remarque in 1956: “the death of one person is death, and the death of two million is just statistics.” Most likely, this is a deliberate lie, started after Stalin’s death with the aim of discrediting him and based on the principle “well, everyone knows...”

7

When developing the Pobeda car, it was planned that the name of the car would be “Motherland”. Having learned about this, Stalin ironically asked: “Well, how much will we have a Motherland?” The name of the car was immediately changed.

6

Not the least role in the creation of the state of Israel was played by Stalin’s support at the vote on a resolution at the UN, which is why national mourning was declared in this country after the death of the leader.

5 Unfit for military service

As a child, Stalin suffered a severe hand injury; his left limb did not fully extend at the elbow and outwardly appeared shorter. Because of this, he was declared unfit for military service in 1916.

4 Respect for the dog’s work

Julbars is the name of a dog who served as a sapper on the fronts of World War II. In the spring of 1945, the dog was injured and was unable to take part in the Victory Parade on Red Square. Stalin ordered the dog to be carried across the square on his overcoat.

3

2 What he didn't like

He couldn't stand erotic and sexual scenes in movies, it made him angry! Joseph did not allow anyone to use his things and objects. Even if there were many guests in the house, it was impossible to hang other clothes on its nickel-plated hanger. Despite the fact that he was an atheist, he did not like literature with atheistic content. His studies at the theological seminary probably had an effect. Stalin did not like the smells coming from the kitchen. Therefore, during the construction and planning of his dachas, the kitchen was greatly removed.

1 Half the fleet

After the victory of the Second World War, Comrade Stalin and Churchill discussed what to do with the German fleet. Joseph Vissarionovich proposed dividing it between states, but the Englishman insisted on flooding it. “So you’ll flood your half,” Stalin snapped.

Today we will tell you about the most cruel ruler of the last century. Stalin became the most brutal ruler in the USSR in the 1930s. He had more powerful political power than anyone else in history. Even Hitler, with his ambitious plans, could not defeat the country ruled by Stalin.

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin

Russian and Georgian revolutionary, Soviet political, state, military and party leader, generalissimo. From the late 1920s and early 1930s until his death in 1953, Stalin was the leader of the Soviet state.

The most interesting facts

Joseph Dzhugashvili was born into a Georgian family in the city of Gori, Tiflis province.

In 1886, Ekaterina Georgievna wanted to enroll Joseph to study at the Gori Orthodox Theological School, however, since he did not know the Russian language at all, he was unable to enroll. In 1886-1888, at the request of his mother, the children of the priest Christopher Charkviani began teaching Joseph Russian. As a result, in 1888, Soso did not enter the first preparatory class at the school, but immediately entered the second preparatory class, and in September of the following year he entered the first class of the school, which he graduated in June 1894.

In September 1894, Joseph passed the entrance exams and was enrolled in the Orthodox Tiflis Theological Seminary. There he first became acquainted with Marxism and by the beginning of 1895 he came into contact with underground groups of revolutionary Marxists expelled by the government to Transcaucasia.

In 1898, Dzhugashvili gained experience as a propagandist at a meeting with workers at the apartment of the revolutionary Vano Sturua and soon began to lead a workers' circle of young railway workers.

Stalin had physical defects: the second and third toes on his left foot were fused, his face was pockmarked. In 1885, Joseph was hit by a phaeton, the boy received severe injuries to his arm and leg; after that, throughout his life, his left arm did not fully extend at the elbow and therefore seemed shorter than his right.

On March 21, 1901, the police searched the physical observatory where Dzhugashvili lived and worked. He himself, however, avoided arrest and went underground, becoming an underground revolutionary.

Stalin's first wife was Ekaterina Svanidze. In 1907, son Yakov was born.

In 1908, Dzhugashvili was sent to prison.

According to a number of historians, Stalin was involved in the so-called. “Tiflis expropriation” in the summer of 1907 (stolen (expropriated) money was intended for the needs of the party.

Due to a childhood hand injury, he was declared unfit for military service in 1916.

In 1904, he organized a grandiose strike of oil field workers in Baku, which ended with the conclusion of a collective agreement between the strikers and industrialists.

In 1912, Joseph became editor of the newspaper Pravda.

In 1921, a second son, Vasily, was born in Dzhugashvili.

Stalin was planning to resign three times.

The Times magazine twice recognized Stalin as its Person of the Year.

Stalin's usual rate of reading literature was about 300 pages a day. He constantly educated himself. For example, while undergoing treatment in the Caucasus, in 1931, in a letter to Nadezhda Aliluyeva, having forgotten to inform about his health, he asks to send him textbooks on electrical engineering and ferrous metallurgy.

Stalin was offered the rank of general twelve times, which he refused.

On the day of Stalin's death, national mourning was declared in Israel.

According to the currently existing criteria, Stalin was a Doctor of Philosophy in terms of the scientific results achieved back in 1920. His achievements in economics were even more brilliant and have not yet been surpassed by anyone.

The leader's sons were sent to the front during the war.

He hated sex scenes in movies - it drove him crazy.

Stalin preferred only Tsinandali and Teliani wines. It happened that I drank cognac, but was simply not interested in vodka. From 1930 to 1953, security saw him “in zero gravity” only twice: at S.M.’s birthday. Shtemenko and at the funeral of A.A. Zhdanov.

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich is a historical figure, complex and very ambiguous. His reign resulted in terrible terror, losses, concentration camps, and unprecedented growth in the economic, social, spiritual, scientific and other spheres for the country. It is very difficult to assess this personality and his activities in modern Russia.

Despite the fact that the centenary of Stalin’s rise to power is just around the corner, a discussion on this topic is completely impossible in society today. If you admire the results that the country has achieved under this ruler, they will call you a jingoist, a Muscovite, a Stalinist, or some other label. If you begin to sprinkle ashes on your head and be horrified by the terror in which people died, you will be known as a liberal or some other incomprehensible person.

I think this kind of assessment is the result of the immaturity of our society, the inability to discuss truly complex topics. After all, if you, for example, admire Napoleon in France (whose ashes, by the way, are still kept in the Louvre), or scold him for essentially starting a world war - well, they will debate with you, no one will will go to extremes. Maybe this will happen with us in 2127? What do you think - write in the comments! And in this article we will briefly and clearly try to trace the life path of one of the most extraordinary rulers in the history of Russia.

And one more thing. This article does not intend to offend or offend anyone. We are not calling for anything. If you are particularly sensitive to this topic, then DO NOT read any further in this article. The article is purely educational in nature.

Biography and the beginning of the journey

The future politician was born in 1878 (according to the official version, December 21, 1879) in the city of Gori, Tiflis province, Russian Empire. Once he said: “I am Russian, of Georgian origin.” So his real name is Dzhugashvili. Translated, it means “son of the herd” - his great-grandfather lived in the mountains.

There is an opinion that “juga” among the Ossetian people means “iron”. Perhaps in connection with this, Stalin took such a pseudonym. The surviving photos show how tall he was. Joseph was short, but his eyes were serious. Accordingly, Joseph (Soso) grew up in a Georgian family. His parents are Beso and Keke in 1874. Father Vissarion (Beso) was a shoemaker by occupation. He had his own workshop. In character he was a cruel man who raised his hand against his wife and son.

The family did not have a permanent place of residence: the father began to drink, abandoned the family, and eventually died drunk in a fight.

The house where Dzhugashvili was born

Mother Ekaterina (Keke) was a charwoman (a person without education who did menial work, sorting through crops and garbage). The mother was a workaholic, ready to do anything for her child, the only survivor (Ekaterina lost her first two sons when they were still babies).When the son grew up a little, his mother and father began to argue about his future fate. Beso argued that Soso should continue his work and become a shoemaker, moreover, he was sure of it.

Keke was more inclined towards a spiritual profession; the mother realized that her son was not capable of physical labor (Joseph fell and seriously injured his left hand for the rest of his life). In 1886, there were attempts to enter the Gori Orthodox Theological School, but since there was not enough knowledge, or rather, fluency in the Russian language, the attempts were in vain.

Joseph studied with a priest for two years. And in 1888, as his mother wished, he became a ward of the school, which he graduated from in 1894. Joseph was a seriously capable student, had success in almost all subjects, and it was there that he became acquainted with Marxism (“Capital”). Due to the fact that in 1892 his father finally abandoned the family, Soso was awarded a scholarship, but he still needed to pay for his studies.

My mother found additional income by starting to sew to order. Joseph began to read a lot, became interested in poetry, and even began to write poems himself in his native language (one entitled “Morning” was published in the newspaper). The following is noteworthy: he was so impressed by the thoughts of Engels and Marx that Joseph became a member of underground circles. And a little later he was engaged in promoting this doctrine, for which he was expelled, given a certificate of completion of only four classes (six was considered a complete education).

It indicated that Joseph could be a teacher, so Dzhugashvili was engaged in tutoring for some time. Since 1899, Dzhugashvili continued his studies at the Tiflis Physical Observatory. His first speech was in 1900 at an illegal meeting of revolutionary-minded workers (May Day), which attracted about five hundred people. In 1901, he already became an underground revolutionary (all, of course, illegally).

Burn. Stalin Museum

In the same year, the newspaper “Nina”, under the leadership of Lado Ketskhoveli, published “Brdzola” (“Struggle”) in Baku. The article is the first known work of Dzhugashvili, who was 22 years old at that time. In general, Joseph had many pseudonyms and nicknames. One of them (party) is Koba. Young Stalin really liked the hero of Alexander Kazbegi’s patriotic story “The Patricide” Koba for his reliability and perseverance. This is one of his favorite works.

In 1903, the RSDLP party was divided into Mensheviks and Bolsheviks. Joseph joins the latter. They tend to take more radical and illegal measures. In 1905, I was able to meet the Russian revolutionary Vladimir Ilyich Lenin for the first time. In 1906 he married Ekaterina Svanidze. In 1907, a son, Yakov, was born, but his wife died of typhus at the end of that year. Then he leads an active political life, travels abroad, and even ends up in exile for six months in the city of Solvychegodsk.

In 1912, Dzhugashvili took the pseudonym “Stalin”. He again ends up in exile in Narym, but a month later he manages to escape to Switzerland, where he meets Lenin. From 1912 to 1913 he was editor-in-chief of the Bolshevik newspaper Pravda. From 1913 to 1917 he was arrested (Turukhansky region, then the city of Achinsk).

In young age

By 1922, due to illness, Lenin could no longer govern the country. Such revolutionaries as Grigory Evseevich Zinoviev and Lev Borisovich Kamenev acted against Trotsky, together with Joseph Vissarionovich. Stalin came to power in a “pure” society, one might say, “from scratch.” There was no established system, no classes, people did not know what awaited them. During these years, Koba continued his activities simply as People's Commissar for Nationalities.

The troika began to fall apart, Koba put forward the idea of “personnel decide” and took it seriously. Dzhugashvili used his influence and appointed “his” people to posts. Meanwhile, in 1926, his daughter Svetlana was born. Then he begins to write a series of political works and doctrines, in other words, he consolidated his knowledge theoretically. Thus, he was in power for 30 years (1924-1953).

Events that took place during his reign

1922 . Obviously, Lenin was the founder and first leader, but Stalin was the successor. After the illness and death of Vladimir Ilyich, there was no longer any talk of democracy. All power was concentrated in one hand. Brutal dictatorship and totalitarianism are the main modes of government.
1924 Approval of the Constitution of the USSR. In the same year, due to the fact that money was depreciating in the country, there was inflation. A “chervonets” appeared. As for international relations, diplomatic relations are being built with countries such as Great Britain and Italy.
1924 - 1925 Military reform was carried out. At its end, the Law “On Compulsory Military Service” was adopted. Which stated that all workers between the ages of 19 and 40 should be drafted into the army for two years.
1927 Mass collectivization. The transition from private farms to collective farms. The goal is to create efficient agriculture by reducing the amount of labor, that is, intermediaries. During this course, people starved, but the Government tried to do everything to ensure that there was a harvest. At that time there was such a class as “kulaks,” that is, wealthy peasants. During the process of collectivization, they were destroyed as an estate - this stage was called “dekulakization.” Collectivization was completed in the 1950s. Its consequences were in fact disastrous: more than six million people died of hunger, thousands of peasants were in exile. Someone even called this program direct genocide of the Soviet people. Formed.

1930s. Industrialization. Introduction of powerful industry and technology into the state economy. One of the goals was also independence from Western countries. A feature of industrialization is a rapid course in a short time. The program was interrupted by the outbreak of war.
1930 In order for people to become more literate and there are no uneducated citizens left at all, the Government Resolution “On Free Compulsory Primary Education” is approved.
1932 Conclusion of a non-aggression treaty with Finland.
1935 A law that established punishment - the death penalty - for escaping outside the USSR.
1939 A non-aggression pact was signed with Germany. And in the same year - the beginning of the Second World War. The Soviet-Finnish war, more about which.
1941 The beginning of the Great Patriotic War.

1945 Victory Day. About who actually won this war.

The role of the leader of peoples in the Great Patriotic War

Despite the signing, Nazi Germany entered the territory of the Soviet Union along with its allies. They were counting on a lightning war according to the Blitzkrieg plan. And the terrible event dragged on for four long years... The USSR was not prepared either industrially or morally. Stalin at that time was the leader and supreme commander in chief. He took full responsibility for the people, the country, for the future... They believed in him, they hoped for him, it was not for nothing that there was a so-called “cult of personality.”

Personal life and children of the leader

We said above that Joseph was married twice. He was 29 years old, Catherine, his first wife, was 21 years old. They did not stay together for long - Dzhugashvili became a widower. But the son Yakov was born. Throughout his life, his father treated him with great cruelty and exactingness, although his second wife, Nadezhda, loved Yakov with all her heart. During the war, the boy went to the front. And then he was captured by the Germans for two years. The Nazis offered to exchange their son, but Stalin did not agree.

As a result, in 1943, Yakov was shot. His second wife, Nadezhda, was twenty-two years younger than him. Once they had a fight and Nadezhda committed suicide. At the same time, they left two children - Vasily and Svetlana. The son was also at the front - a pilot, but after the death of his father, a dark streak began in life. Spent eight years in prison.

Svetlana was married many times. The daughter of the leader of the peoples died in 2011, at the age of 85. In addition, Stalin had an adopted son, Artem, his real father, a friend of Joseph Vissarionovich, died, and he was only three months old. Interestingly, there are rumors about the illegitimate children of the “father of nations.” Sons - Konstantin and Alexander. Thus, the leader was rich in grandchildren.

Despite the fact that Dzhugashvili studied with priests, he was later an atheist.
Koba read a lot - 400 pages daily.
Dzhugashvili led a healthy lifestyle and was never drunk.
He always had a loaded pistol with him. Tula craftsmen, by the way, made a personalized one for the leader of the peoples.
Joseph made discoveries in philosophy and later became a Doctor of Philosophy.
I really loved listening to music.
Obviously he was partial to the weaker sex.
He spoke several languages perfectly.
There are no such people and it is unlikely that there will be any soon.
Everyone knows that Koba smoked a lot.

A curtain

The causes of death of the leader of the peoples are very prosaic - stroke. But the circumstances of death are very interesting. We will definitely look at them in one of the following articles. Stalin died on March 5, 1953. The official cause is a diagnosis of cerebral hemorrhage. The dates of birth and death known to us (1878 - 1953) indicate that he was 74 years old. He was buried on Red Square in Moscow (necropolis near the wall).

In order to consolidate your knowledge, you can watch any documentary film dedicated to Joseph Stalin. Feature films were also made.

Jokes about the leader of nations

Here I will retell the jokes that I know myself.

So, the 30s. Creative evening of filmmakers and actors. The leader of the peoples approaches the then legendary actress Lyubov Orlova and asks: “Lyuba, doesn’t your husband offend you sometimes?” And her husband, Grigory Alexandrov, was also at this evening and inadvertently overheard the conversation. To Stalin’s question, Orlova flirtatiously replied: “It offends me a little...”. “Lyuba,” the leader answered her, “tell him that if he continues to offend you, we will hang him!” "For what?" - asked Lyubov Orlova. “What for, for your head, of course!”

The Great Patriotic War is going on. Zhukov comes out of the door of the room where the Headquarters of the High Command meets and angrily says to himself: “Wow...! Mustachioed bastard! Molotov heard this and asked Zhukov: “Georgy Valentinovich, who do you mean?” “Like who, Hitler, of course!” - Zhukov was found. Next Stalin comes out of the door and now you ask Molotov: “And you, Comrade Molotov, who did you have in mind?”

Great Patriotic War, November 1941. The enemy is already on the approaches to Moscow. There is an alarming sound in the Kremlin. phone call. The leader of the peoples picks up the phone: “Hello.” “Comrade Stalin, this is a colonel... I hasten to inform you that the enemy is breaking through the defenses, you need to urgently evacuate from Moscow to Kuibyshev...” “Comrade... tell me, do you still have any living comrades there?” - Stalin asked calmly? “Yes, Comrade Stalin!” “So tell your comrades, let them take shovels and dig their own graves: I am staying in Moscow and Headquarters is also staying in Moscow!”

Somehow, during the Great Patriotic War, the USSR decided to test a project for a new ready-made weapon - an analogue of the German Faust cartridge (simply a grenade launcher). And now the entire political elite of the country is present at the final test, along with the leader of the people. The shot was fired, and the cartridge flew straight towards the observers, straight towards Stalin. The engineers closed their eyes and prepared for the fact that they would all be shot on the spot. Everyone present, except the leader, lay down on the ground, covering their heads with their hands. The cartridge flew past. And the leader of the peoples said: “Let's try again.”

You will learn interesting facts from the life of Stalin in this article.

Stalin interesting facts

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin- Russian revolutionary, Soviet political, state, military and party leader.

During his first 10 years at the top of the party, Stalin asked for resignation three times. True, these requests were often another test of comrades.

Due to a childhood injury to his hand, he was in 1916 declared unfit for military service.

He spoke Georgian, Russian, ancient Greek languages, and also knew the Church Slavonic language well from seminary. According to some researchers, he knew English and German; the notes he left in the books were in Hungarian and French. He understood Armenian and Ossetian languages. Trotsky asserted in one of his interviews that “Stalin knows neither foreign languages nor foreign life.”

Most recreation parks in the USSR were built on Stalin's initiative.

During the war, Stalin was nominated for the rank of general 12 times, but Stalin canceled the nomination each time.

Planned and organized in 1906-1907. bank robberies in Transcaucasia.

He was accused of collaborating with the Tsarist secret police, which has not yet been documented.

He hated sex scenes in movies - it drove him crazy.

He loved to sing Russian folk songs during feasts.

He wrote documents, letters, and other papers extremely competently, which was noted by many witnesses.
I drank only Tsinandali and Teliani wines. Sometimes he drank cognac, but didn’t drink vodka at all.

Stalin loved to joke in everyday life. Loved to draw.

It was Stalin who was authorized to negotiate the surrender of the famous Kshesinskaya mansion, as well as negotiations with the soldiers and sailors of the Peter and Paul Fortress.

At the 1945 Victory Parade, the wounded mine-detecting dog Dzhulbars, on Stalin's orders, was carried across Red Square on his overcoat.

A list of gifts given to him on his 70th birthday was published in newspapers from December 1949 to March 1953.

Twice recognized by the American magazine “Times” as Person of the Year. The first time on January 1, 1940, because he “concluded a non-aggression pact with Hitler and started the Soviet-Finnish war, as a result of which he changed the balance of power in the world political arena.” In January 1943, he was named “man of the year” again by the same magazine.

On the day of Stalin's death, national mourning was declared in Israel.

There are still more than thirty streets named after Stalin in the former Soviet republics and Russia.