An essay on the topic Man and nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow. Essay on the topic: Description of nature in the story Bezhin Meadow, Turgenev About the story "Bezhin Meadow"

About the Russian people, the serf peasantry. However, Turgenev's stories and essays also describe many other aspects of Russian life at that time. From the first sketches of his “hunting” series, he became famous as an artist with an amazing gift for seeing and drawing pictures of nature.

Turgenev's landscape is psychological, it is associated with the experiences and appearance of the characters in the story, with their way of life. The writer was able to translate his fleeting, random “hunting” encounters and observations into typical images that give a general picture of Russian life in the serf era. Such an extraordinary meeting is described in the story “”.
In this work, the author speaks in the first person. He actively uses artistic sketches that emphasize the state, character of the characters, their internal tension, experiences, and feelings. and seem to be in harmony, and this harmony is present throughout the entire story.
First, the author describes a wonderful hot July day when the hero went hunting for black grouse. Everything was perfect: the weather, the day was wonderful, and the hunt was a great success. It began to get dark, the hero decided to go home, but realized that he was lost. And nature seemed to begin to behave differently: the smell of dampness began to be felt, dew appeared, darkness spread everywhere, the night was approaching like a thundercloud, bats were flying through the forest. Nature seems to understand a person, perhaps sympathizes with his experiences, but cannot help in any way. After long wanderings, the hunter comes out onto a wide plain - Bezhin meadow, where village children sat in silence around a fire and grazed a herd of horses. They told each other scary stories. The hunter joined the guys. Under the guise of being asleep, he listens to their terrible stories without bothering the children with his presence.
The stories are truly scary and creepy. The feeling of anxiety and the accompanying stories of these guys are enhanced by various sounds: rustling sounds, splashes, screams.
The story about the mermaid is accompanied by a “lingering, ringing, almost moaning sound”; it was an incomprehensible night sound, arising in deep silence, rising and standing in the air and slowly spreading and fading gradually. The story about the drowned man was interrupted by the dogs, who rushed from their place, rushed away from the fire barking and disappeared into the darkness. The story of the parents' Saturday was supplemented by an unexpectedly arriving white dove, circling in one place and also unexpectedly disappearing into the darkness of the night. This dove was mistaken by the boys for a “righteous soul” flying to heaven. The guys fantasize, instill fear, and nature assists them in this, complementing the already terrible pictures.
Gradually, a sweet oblivion fell on the heroes, turning into drowsiness; even the dogs dozed, and the horses lay with their heads hanging. The description of the night fits perfectly with this moment: a narrow and small month, a magnificent moonless night; the stars, leaning towards the dark edge, everything was completely silent all around; “everything was sleeping in a deep, motionless, pre-dawn sleep.”
The hunter woke up; it began to turn white in the east. The sky brightened, a breeze blew, dew fell, the dawn turned red, everything began to wake up, sounds and voices began to be heard... A new day has come, full of cheerfulness, hope and faith.
“Bezhin Meadow” amazes with its simplicity and sincerity, richness of content. S. Turgenev does not create carefully developed and identified human characters, but confines himself to sketches, sketches, portrait sketches, but in describing the landscape, I. S. Turgenev is an insightful and perspicacious artist, able to notice and perfectly describe all the movements, sounds and smells of nature. Despite the fact that I. S. Turgenev is a realist, his works contain features of romance, and poetic integrity is due to the unity of artistic manner inherent in Turgenev’s paintings.
George Sand said about the works of I. S. Turgenev: “What a masterful painting!” And it’s impossible to disagree with this, because you really see, hear, feel, experience with the characters, live their lives, enjoy the smell of a summer July night.

Composition

“Notes of a Hunter” is a book about the Russian people, the serf peasantry. However, Turgenev's stories and essays also describe many other aspects of Russian life at that time. From the first sketches of his “hunting” cycle, Turgenev became famous as an artist with an amazing gift for seeing and drawing pictures of nature. Turgenev's landscape is psychological, it is associated with the experiences and appearance of the characters in the story, with their way of life. The writer was able to translate his fleeting, random “hunting” encounters and observations into typical images that give a general picture of Russian life in the serf era. Such an extraordinary meeting is described in the story “Bezhin Meadow”.

In this work, the author speaks in the first person. He actively uses artistic sketches that emphasize the state, character of the characters, their internal tension, experiences, and feelings. Nature and man seem to be in harmony, and this harmony is present throughout the entire story.

First, the author describes a wonderful hot July day when the hero went hunting for black grouse. Everything was perfect: the weather, the day was wonderful, and the hunt was a great success. It began to get dark, the hero decided to go home, but realized that he was lost. And nature seemed to begin to behave differently: the smell of dampness began to be felt, dew appeared, darkness spread everywhere, the night was approaching like a thundercloud, bats were flying through the forest. Nature seems to understand a person, perhaps sympathizes with his experiences, but cannot help in any way. After long wanderings, the hunter comes out onto a wide plain - Bezhin meadow, where village children sat in silence around a fire and grazed a herd of horses. They told each other scary stories. The hunter joined the guys. Under the guise of being asleep, he listens to their terrible stories without bothering the children with his presence.

The stories are truly scary and creepy. The feeling of anxiety and the accompanying stories of these guys are enhanced by various sounds: rustling sounds, splashes, screams.

The story about the mermaid is accompanied by a “lingering, ringing, almost moaning sound”; it was an incomprehensible night sound, arising in deep silence, rising and standing in the air and slowly spreading and fading gradually. The story about the drowned man was interrupted by the dogs, who rushed from their place, rushed away from the fire barking and disappeared into the darkness. The story of the parents' Saturday was supplemented by an unexpectedly arriving white dove, circling in one place and also unexpectedly disappearing into the darkness of the night. This dove was mistaken by the boys for a “righteous soul” flying to heaven. The guys fantasize, instill fear, and nature assists them in this, complementing the already terrible pictures.

Gradually, a sweet oblivion fell on the heroes, turning into drowsiness; even the dogs dozed, and the horses lay with their heads hanging. The description of the night fits perfectly with this moment: a narrow and small month, a magnificent moonless night; the stars, leaning towards the dark edge, everything was completely silent all around; “everything was sleeping in a deep, motionless, pre-dawn sleep.”

The hunter woke up; it began to turn white in the east. The sky brightened, a breeze blew, dew fell, the dawn turned red, everything began to wake up, sounds and voices began to be heard... A new day has come, full of cheerfulness, hope and faith.

“Bezhin Meadow” amazes with its simplicity and sincerity, richness of content. S. Turgenev does not create carefully developed and identified human characters, but confines himself to sketches, sketches, portrait sketches, but in describing the landscape, I. S. Turgenev is an insightful and perspicacious artist, able to notice and perfectly describe all the movements, sounds and smells of nature. Despite the fact that I. S. Turgenev is a realist, his works contain features of romance, and poetic integrity is due to the unity of artistic manner inherent in Turgenev’s paintings.

George Sand said about the works of I. S. Turgenev: “What a masterful painting!” And it’s impossible to disagree with this, because you really see, hear, feel, experience with the characters, live their lives, enjoy the smell of a summer July night.

Other works on this work

Landscape in the story by I. S. Turgenev “Bezhin Meadow” Characteristics of the main characters of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Bezhin Meadow” Characteristics of the main characters of Ivan Turgenev’s story “Bezhin Meadow” How to explain why the story is called “Bezhin Meadow” What is said in the story “Bezhin Meadow”

Ivan Turgenev is a true master of words, who in his works skillfully mixed words of the literary language and dialectisms of the Oryol province. Let's consider the role of the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow,” which is part of the wonderful cycle “Notes of a Hunter,” which is introduced in high school.

Features of the landscape

Nature occupies a special place in Turgenev’s short story, as if it becomes another character in it. Being a true patriot, the writer describes the scene of action so soulfully and accurately that truly beautiful pictures come to life before the reader’s eyes. Let's see how the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow” helps bring the author’s plan to life.

First, the writer describes in detail the scene of the action. His hero goes hunting in the Tula province, while the time of action is also indicated - “a beautiful July day.” What picture appears before the eyes of readers who get acquainted with the story?

Early clear morning. It is interesting that, being a true expert on folk signs, Turgenev means that such weather, as a rule, does not last long.
The morning dawn is filled with a meek blush, like a timid, bashful girl.
The sun is friendly, radiant, benevolent, the image itself gives a good mood.
Describing the sky, Turgenev actively uses diminutive vocabulary: “clouds”, “snake”, compares clouds with islands scattered across the endless sea surface.

The picture is truly delightful, and every word of the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow” breathes with the author’s sincere love and cannot leave thoughtful readers indifferent, causing a response in their souls.

Composition

Despite the fact that the work is small in volume, several semantic parts can be distinguished in it:

Description of a beautiful morning that turns into a fine day, as if ideally created for hunting.
The hunter is lost, darkness is gathering around him.
Meeting the boys, the world regains its beautiful colors.
The night becomes solemn and majestic.
Morning comes.

A brief description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow” can be found in each of these semantic parts. Moreover, everywhere the landscape will be alive, psychological, not just a background, but an active character.

Nature and mood of the hero

So, first Turgenev paints us a picture of the early morning, it was then that his hero’s hunt for black grouse began. Nature itself seems to express the character’s high spirits. He shot a lot of prey, enjoyed amazing landscape views, and breathed in the cleanest air.

Further, the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow” becomes even more important - the surrounding world begins to express the hero’s mood. He realized that he was lost. And nature changes along with the change in his mood. The grass becomes tall and thick, it is “creepy” to walk on it, and inhabitants of the forest that are not at all pleasant to humans appear - bats, hawks. The landscape itself seems to empathize with the lost hunter.

Picture of the night

Night falls, the hunter realizes that he is completely lost, tired and does not know how to get to the house. And nature becomes corresponding:

The night is approaching “like a thundercloud.”
The darkness is pouring.
“Everything around was black.”
An image of a timid bird appears, which, having accidentally touched a person, hastily disappeared into the bushes.
The darkness becomes gloomy.
A frightened animal squeaks pitifully.

All these images are full of psychologism, helping Turgenev convey the inner state of his hero. Note that very little is directly said about the fact that the hunter is scared, tired, and begins to feel annoyed. The author expresses his entire inner state through a description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow”. And his skill amazes him.

Therefore, the landscape becomes not just a place of action, but also a way to express the thoughts and experiences of the hero.

Meeting with the boys

In the analysis of the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow”, the passage telling about the hero’s meeting with the village boys is of particular significance. Noticing lights in the distance, a tired hunter decides to go out to the people to wait out the night. This is how he meets simple and simple-minded boys who deserve his sympathy and admiration for their closeness to nature and complete sincerity. After talking with them, the author’s perception of the surrounding landscape also changes, its gloom, dullness and black colors disappear. To quote: “The picture was wonderful.” It would seem that nothing has changed, it’s still the same night, the hero is still far from home, but his mood has improved, the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow” becomes completely different:

The sky became solemn and mysterious.
The characters are surrounded by animals that have long been considered friends and helpers of people - horses and dogs. In this case, sounds are very important - if before the hunter heard a plaintive squeak, now he perceives how the horses are “vigorously chewing” the grass.

Extraneous frightening noises do not disturb the hero; he found peace next to the village children. Therefore, the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow” helps not only to recreate the scene of action, but also to express the feelings and experiences of the hero.

Artistic drawing methods

To create pictures of the landscape surrounding the hunter, the writer uses color and sound images, as well as smells. That is why the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow” by Turgenev turns out to be lively and vivid.

Let's give examples. To recreate the beautiful pictures that appear before the hero’s gaze, the prose writer uses a huge number of epithets:

"Round reddish reflection."
"Long Shadows"

There are also a large number of personifications, because the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow” shows it as a living character:

dust rushes;
the shadows are approaching;
darkness fights light.

There are also sounds in the image of the surrounding world: dogs “bark angrily”, “children’s ringing voices”, boys’ ringing laughter, horses chew grass and snort, fish quietly splash. There is also a smell - “the smell of a Russian summer night.”

In a short passage, Turgenev uses a huge number of visual and expressive techniques that help him paint a truly magnificent, life-filled picture of the world around him. That is why we can say that the role of the description of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow” is great. The sketches help the author convey the mood of the hero, who is close in spirit to Turgenev himself.

We see in the story how at night familiar places became mysterious, incomprehensible: now everything around was vague, gloomy, deaf. This is how the hunter perceived nature. The very sequence of descriptions of morning, afternoon, evening, night, to some extent, prepares an understanding of the reasons for the stories around the fire and explains their credibility. Two more descriptions of nature will be in the story: the children’s journey into the night and the bright flame of a fire in the middle of the night. The boys talk passionately around the fire, and next to them nature continues to live its life. A pike splashed - it’s clear

And it doesn’t frighten you, the star began to roll – also understandable and familiar. A sharp, painful cry sounded twice over the river. a strange whistle sounded somewhere in the sky. As soon as it was said that the herons were screaming, the sandpipers were whistling, the boys calmed down and the reader’s alertness decreased. If there is no explanation, the mysterious leaves us in tense anticipation.
Everyone will understand this very clearly if they follow more closely the latest story, which is happening right here, almost before the eyes of the peasant children. So they were frightened by a painful cry, Pavlusha calmed them down - it was a heron screaming. Here again everyone peacefully looks at the starry sky and sits silently by the fire. It is at these moments that Pavlusha takes a small pot and goes to the river for water. It can be assumed that the state of lyrical mood, delight in the beautiful world of nature and fear of mysterious evil spirits gave results. It was hard not to think about the merman when you go to the river, and about the boy who recently drowned in it, because they were just talking about him around the fire. This is the logic of the guys’ conversation after Pavlusha left. Approximately the same logical move was repeated by Pavlusha himself. The guys talked about the drowned Vasya, and Pavlusha heard his voice.
Pavlusha was able to recognize and understand a little more in the world around him than his comrades, but his way of perceiving this world around him was approximately the same. True, he is interested in why the brownie coughed, he is in no hurry to mistake the dove for the soul of a righteous man, but he does not object to this, he himself assumes that the groans from the buzzer are the complaints of the soul of a drowned man, and immediately reflects: “And then, they say, there are such tiny frogs that scream so pitifully.” He tries to explain everything that is incomprehensible, but explanations most often have to be drawn from traditional folk ideas, known to his interlocutors.
So the last event brings two narrators together - the enthusiastic and mysterious Ilyusha, and the inquisitive, thinking and poetic Pavlusha. Pavlusha, and not anyone else, becomes the only active hero of the story that happened before our eyes. Man and nature are a problem that has found a place on the pages of many works. In this story we see how, subordinate to the forces of nature, a peasant boy sought to understand everything around him, spending his sober mind and imagination on understanding his surroundings, in order to survive in this complex world.
Students clearly understand in what poetic images the forces of nature, incomprehensible to their ancestors, were embodied. Beautiful mermaids, terrible water mermaids, invisible brownies and goblin are familiar to them from fairy tales and superstitions, from illustrations and paintings.
“The morning has begun.” For many, these words were a symbol and pledge of the author’s faith in the coming awakening of the dark people. However, the writer’s position is much more complicated: the people will be freed from ignorance, but they will retain all the brightness and poetry of their worldview. Turgenev is not a stern moralist creating an allegorical picture, but a man passionately in love with nature and the people of his native land. But there is also a tragic postscript in the story, which still causes different interpretations. Why did the fate of Pavlusha, brave, intelligent, sympathetic, end so tragically? The inevitability of the death of the best people in the conditions of a fortress village - this is the idea that the ending of the story suggests. The author's thoughts about the fate of a person and its inextricable connection with the world in which this person lives are inaccessible to students in an abstract form. But the statement - the best perished under serfdom - has long become almost an axiom for them.

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