A detailed analysis of the poem “in the depths of the Siberian ores” by Pushkin. Analysis of the message of A. S. Pushkin “In the depths of Siberian ores Analysis of the work in the depths of Siberian ores

The poem “In the depths of the Siberian ores...”, the analysis of which is presented in this article, is addressed to those friends who were like-minded people of the lyrical hero, “burning” with the desire to free the homeland from the “yoke of the fatal power.” The message “To Chaadaev” (1818), which contained these images, becomes a reminiscent background for it.

The temporal distance that arises when comparing two messages is important for identifying constancy in attitude towards friends and loyalty to the ideals of youth. A new aspect is the desire to sum up the activities of a generation, to fit modern, pressing events into history, showing the significance of the contribution of like-minded people to the development of civilization. They are the “brothers” of all freedom fighters, it fell to their lot to take the “sword” from their predecessors (images from the last stanza of the message “In the depths of the Siberian ores...”) in order to engage in a duel with those who doom people to the fate of slaves, dragging out their lives in “chains”, imprisoned in “dungeons” (ibid.).

Like the earlier poem, the message to the friends in the “convict holes” behind the “gloomy gates” is written in iambic tetrameter. Behind the image of real bondage, a generalized meaning shines through. It becomes the price for “high aspiration of thought,” the specific manifestations of which can be restored by listening to the frank confessions of the lyrical hero of Pushkin’s freedom-loving poetry. He is animated by Enlightenment ideals, agreeing that freedom is the natural right of everyone, which the law is called upon to observe. His trampling by those in power is perceived by him as a personal insult.

Pushkin’s innovation is the palpability in the transfer of the disastrous circumstances in which the heirs of Radishchev’s “avenger” found themselves (stanzas 13, 16). As in Radishchev’s ode, in Pushkin’s message “In the depths of the Siberian ores...” life-affirming pathos prevails, intransigence to vice and evil, rebellion, readiness to give all strength and life itself for the onset of the desired time are exalted. The lyrical hero strives to confirm like-minded people in the belief that it will come, and nothing from the moral and effective manifestations of their worldview will be in vain:

Your sorrowful work will not be wasted

And I think about high aspiration.

…

The desired time will come!

…

The heavy shackles will fall,

The dungeons will collapse...

However, the entrance to the kingdom of freedom is an abstract image, “the brothers... will give up the sword,” returning it to those who first raised arms against the authorities, in the imagination, virtually (the word “virtually” existed in antiquity, coming from the Latin “possible , appearing under certain conditions"). In reality, the new “Avengers” (an image from Radishchev’s ode) in Siberia, in penal servitude, in a “dark dungeon”, are immersed in difficult, sorrowful experiences. “Barriers” are built in front of them, preventing them from having access to expressions of affection and aesthetic pleasure. The free voice of the poet can break through obstacles, and in it the prisoners should hear confirmation of their rightness, recognition of the high meaning of their suffering. It can convey “love and friendship,” awaken good spirits, and remind one of the hopes of youth:

Unluckily faithful sister,

Hope in a dark dungeon,

Will awaken vigor and fun...

…

Love and friendship up to you

They will reach through the dark gates,

Like in your convict holes

My free voice comes through.

Friends are together again, a common sense of the world remains the most important factor in not feeling lonely. However, the fate of the lyrical hero’s like-minded people turned out to be different from his free future, they suffered for their beliefs, they are experiencing a “misfortune” that united them (for the lyrical hero, who does not separate himself from like-minded people, it is important to emphasize that no one has the right to add his name to the brotherhood of martyrs - “Your sorrowful work will not be wasted...”, “your convict holes”, “... and freedom / Will receive you joyfully at the entrance...”). In action they proved the power of the spirit, overcoming weaknesses and conquering fate. There is only one step left to a wonderful future, their victory is undoubted: “the shackles... will fall,” “the prisons will collapse,” they just need to maintain “proud patience.” But human life is short, and not everyone will be able to enter the kingdom of freedom.

A tragic reflection also falls on their predecessors; all fighters against bondage are heroes who consciously chose a sorrowful fate. A tragic hero is a special concept, a term that emphasizes that the main thing in the fate of a character is not the position of a victim of circumstances, but a volitional effort aimed at fighting them, although he knows about their strength, that it exceeds human capabilities. Entering into a hopeless conflict with fate, the hero demonstrates the exclusivity of nature. In Pushkin’s poem “In the depths of the Siberian ores...”, which we are analyzing, the participants in political disturbances are characterized as tragic heroes. Unlike romantic works, maximalism, the “high aspiration of thought” of each of them does not turn him into a lonely dreamer or rebel. This is a common mood for all “brothers”, shared by like-minded people in the past, present and future, it becomes the basis for creating an image that continues Radishchev’s idea of the unity of the “military ... battle”, rising to fight “vice, lies and slander” ( stanza 16 in his ode “Liberty”).

In the message “In the depths of the Siberian ores...” by Pushkin, the signs of the “desired time” are described in general terms, as the absence of violence and bondage. The specifics are brought in by echoes of other works—the ode “Liberty” by Radishchev and the freedom-loving lyrics of the author himself. They evoke associations (from the Latin “connection”, a connection between images, concepts, qualities that arise under certain conditions, in art at the will of the author), contribute to the emergence of allusions (from the Latin “to hint”, a correlation with known literary, historical, mythological phenomenon), reminiscences (from the Latin “vague memory”, an echo of the image of another author, causing comparison). The autoreminiscent background of the 1827 message is a poem written almost ten years earlier - “To Chaadaev” (1818).

The lyrical hero of the message “To Chaadaev” also addresses like-minded friends, affirming the need for faith in the future triumph of beautiful ideals. But in the early poem many aspects are concretized: the generation of “lovers” of freedom perceives social injustice so keenly that it evokes the need for revenge for outraged ideals; In addition, for him, love for his homeland has eclipsed all human affections, he hears only her “calling,” striving to free her from the “yoke of fatal power”; finally, the young rebels find joy and pleasure only in struggle, the soul of each of them impatiently longs for a clash, languishes in anticipation of victory, which is seen as a “sweet date” with a dream come true. The message “To Chaadaev” also clarifies the question of what reward fighters against autocracy expect for their renunciation of personal aspirations: the “minute of freedom” in itself will become a “sacred”, intimate experience, and in addition, they will remain in the memory of posterity forever, so how exactly the honor belongs to them (“As long as hearts are alive for honor...” - “To Chaadaev”) of the destruction of the stronghold of autocracy, on the ruins of which their names will be marked.

The connection between the two messages is revealed not only at the content level (similarity in issues, appeal to representatives of the same generation, similarity of motives of selfless service and the joy of struggle), but also in connection with phonic (sound) correspondences. This poetic feature gives the similarity the character of an organic, immediate, inner closeness. The impression is achieved using identical assonances. In the message “To Chaadaev” the main sound repetition was the sound “a” (the rhymes of both the first three quatrains and the five-line finale are built on it): glory, deception, fun, fog, desire, calling, hopes, dates; she, snug, names. In the poem “In the depths of the Siberian ores...” it is heard in the second and third stanzas: sister, it’s time, before you, voice. Assonance highlights words that are significant in creating an emotional mood.

However, the appeal to the Decembrists is imbued not only with a joyful thirst for struggle, but also with a sorrowful experience. Therefore, the sound repetition of “a” is combined with another assonance. Gloomy emotions are conveyed by the sound “u” (rud, labor - first stanza). However, it also has another meaning, since from the convict dungeons a breakthrough is made to unearthly happiness, which brings faith in the realization of a wonderful goal (in the message of 1827, in response to the “beautiful impulses” of youth, which the lyrical hero devotes to the liberation of his homeland - “To Chaadaev ”, becomes a joyful meeting of the victors: freedom will “joyfully receive” its defenders at the entrance to the kingdom they have won for it).

Listening carefully to the sound of the poem “In the depths of the Siberian ores...”, you will notice that the dynamics of the lyrical hero’s feelings are manifested at the phonic level: from grief to confidence in the rightness of the cause to which he and his friends devoted their youth. In the second and third stanzas of the message “In the depths of the Siberian ores...” the stressed “u” emphasizes those words where the meaning is faith in the future (wake up, friendship, they will reach). In the fourth quatrain, words with assonance starting with “u” stand out in the reader’s mind, due to the fact that they form a surrounding rhyme. This is not accidental, since they are important, fully expressing the historical optimism of the lyrical hero (they will fall, they will give up). They are complemented by one more word, where the sound “u” is located in an intonationally significant position - it ends the ascending intonation before the conclusion (collapse). Unlike the poem “To Chaadaev,” which ends with an exclamation (“they will write our names!”), in the message “In the depths of the Siberian ores...” the last line, which also has the meaning of the desired outcome, is emotionally neutral, with a period at the end (“And brothers will give you the sword."). The lyrical hero’s excitement ends with a statement, which is conveyed by a word with assonance starting with “y”, sounding in the last male rhyme. It unexpectedly becomes an expression not of gloomy feelings, but of “cheerfulness and fun” from the anticipation of the “desired time.” Thus, at the phonic level, it becomes possible to capture a thought that seems premature and unjustifiably optimistic in the sad reality: the Decembrists will go down in history not as criminals doomed to end their lives in prison, but as heroes whose meaning of existence is to break through struggle and disasters to victory and fortunately. The day will come when the shackles of captivity fall, even if these are not real chains, not a tangible message of liberation for those in Siberian prisons, but for those whose thoughts have always had “high aspirations”, this day will bring the fulfillment of their cherished dream:

The heavy shackles will fall,

The dungeons will collapse and there will be freedom

You will be greeted joyfully at the entrance,

And the brothers will give you the sword.

The last line of the message is evidence of the restoration of historical justice: for posterity, the battle for freedom will be perceived as a single process. The sword will sparkle for a long time in the hands of those who cannot come to terms with the power of vice and evil, but the “Star of captivating happiness” (“To Chaadaev”) will rise, the “chosen” day will come (an image from Radishchev’s ode “Liberty”), and weapons will return to the first avengers. This is the historical mission of an extraordinary generation, from which emerged fighters for the honor of the motherland and freedom of the world (“I want to sing freedom to the world...” - Pushkin. “Liberty”).

“In the depths of Siberian ores ...” - the poet’s message
to his Decembrist friends sent to hard labor.
In the autumn of 1826, after the brutal reprisal against
Decembrists, Nicholas 1 returned Pushkin from
links, and they had a long conversation with
eye to eye. The king assured the poet that he would use
truly wants to use his power for good
and prosperity of the people and asked to help him with this
with your creativity. Pushkin listened to the opinion
king, but did not renounce his previous convictions. Not
He also renounced his Decembrist friends.
In addition, the poet was especially impressed by the
who were the wives of the Decembrists - many of them were neglected
position in society, wealth, nobility and diversity
shared the fate of their husbands. Pushkin conveyed his
friendly message with the wife of the Decembrist Nikita
Muravyova, who also went to Siberia after
for the exiled husband.
The poem conveys not only a desire
poet to console his friends, but also deep admiration
knowledge of them. For Pushkin, their thoughts are “lofty”, their
patience is “proud”, their work is “sorrowful”, and the sword
waiting for their return from captivity.
The message is written in a high style. There's a lot in it
abstract images: Misfortune, Hope, Freedom,
Love, Friendship. The poet paints a gloomy space
situation in which the heroes find themselves, using for this

special vocabulary: “dark dungeon”, “dungeons”,
“convict holes”, “heavy chains”. These images
create a tragic atmosphere of misfortune that befalls
his friends.

But the lyrical hero is sure that misfortune
There is always a faithful sister - hope. And he believes in
a fighter who is capable of the most difficult
conditions to retain in oneself not only “proud patience”
"nye", but And loyalty to your ideals - "doom is high
aspiration", "Love and friendship", "free
voice" are able to support the exiles, help them
bear the brunt of hard labor. And the poet also expressed
your confidence that sooner or later the right
prudence will triumph, “heavy chains will fall,
the dungeons will collapse"

But not about amnesty, not about forgiveness, not about
the poet speaks of the Decembrists' return from exile.
“Your sorrowful work will not be wasted / and your high thoughts
aspiration! - he exclaims. In this “it will not be lost”
a different meaning opens up - we are talking about a celebration
high ideas.
The ending of the poem sounds optimistic.

Pushkin’s fiery message was very supportive
Decembrists and became one of the few joyful
events of their convict life.

The key word in the poem is the word
Liberty. The same word was inscribed on the banners
Decembrists. This message poetically states
what they fought for. And friends responded to
Pushkin's message - Decembrist poet Alexander
Odoevsky wrote poems in response that aakan-
it was like that.

There is an interesting phraseology among people: “If you don’t know who it is, then say Pushkin.” This is not an exaggeration; indeed, this great creator has works that are dedicated to all the significant events of his era.

This man’s talent is so limitless that people specially learn Russian in order to be able to read his poems and novels in the original. Even the most accurate and literary translation will not be able to convey all the beauty and melodiousness of the words of the greatest Russian poet, whose name is known all over the world.

"In the depths of Siberian ores"

The history of the creation of this poignant poem is connected with the most important event of the first quarter of the 19th century in Russia. The poet, being an impressionable and creative person, could not stay away from such a significant event for the country as the Decembrist uprising (1825), especially since many of those convicted and sent into exile were close friends of the poet, with whom he studied at the Lyceum.

If today Siberia is a developed and quite suitable territory for living, then in the 19th century it was akin to being sent to Antarctica. This is the end of the world, from where it was almost impossible to return. In fact, Siberia was more like a colony of the Russian state, just a huge source of all kinds of raw materials, which those who were not sentenced to death were sent to extract.

Important! The poet could not help but worry, and with his creativity he wanted to encourage the Decembrists and draw public attention to this problem; he sincerely hoped that all the exiles would soon return home.

In exile, he transferred his poem with the wife of one of the convicts, A. Muravyova. He instilled faith and hope in desperate people that descendants and future generations would appreciate the desperate act.

Pushkin was not afraid to write openly and raise topics that were not accepted to be discussed in high society. One of these creations is the poem “In the depths of the Siberian ores”, it was first read back in 1827, in exile, where the poet and the wife of one of the Decembrists gave it to him.

He himself talked about his poem that it is an act and an indicator of courage not only of the poet himself, but also of the people of that time who in one way or another were related to the tragic events taking place.

Despite the fact that he himself was a nobleman, and the events associated with the Decembrists did not affect him in any way, he did not pass by. Pushkin was not impressed, he sympathized and showed his attitude in the most accessible way to him. Unfortunately, his creation did not immediately hit the target, and the participants in the December uprising received amnesty only almost two decades after the poem was written.

Even so, the Decembrists themselves, after returning home, repeatedly spoke about how valuable the attention of such a poet was to them and how it gave them strength and faith that their actions were correct.

Feat of women

Pushkin said that what struck him most was not the uprising itself, not the decisive actions of the Decembrists, but the feat of women. It was the act of the Decembrists’ wives that touched the soul and heart of the poet so much that he gave the world a beautiful poem.

How difficult it was for a woman in the 19th century to give up everything for love. They became exiles, leaving their homes, titles, position. They lost the respect of society, abandoned servants, wealth, beautiful clothes and jewelry, all in the name of love.

Love, the power of which is so limitless that it overcomes everything in its path! True love cannot be stopped, it cannot be contained by frames and restrictions, it cannot be stopped by any obstacles.

Important! The great poet admired the fortitude of these women, how eminent noblewomen sacrificed everything and left for the eternal cold, to the far North, just to have the opportunity to be close to their loved one.

The author talked a lot about how he was touched by his meeting with Maria Raevskaya, his farewell meeting with the woman with whom he had long been in love. A tender and fragile young lady, white-handed and touchy, as the poet believed, was one of the first to go into exile for her loved one.

She was the wife of one of the instigators of the uprising and was proud that she was going into exile as the wife of S.G. Volkonsky. She was not at all afraid that her husband was given such a harsh sentence, namely 20 years of hard labor.

Just think about it, a nobleman, a man of blue blood, had to spend two decades in the cold, without the amenities and conditions to which he was accustomed. Pushkin was proud that he once had feelings for a woman who was so strong in spirit.

The idea of the work

The main idea of the poem is loyalty to love and one’s ideals, which are unshakable and indestructible; circumstances cannot break and force one to abandon one’s point of view. The poet wanted to raise the morale of all participants in the uprising with this creation.

Somewhere there, in the convict holes, they could hope that everything would end soon. Faith in the best, in the future and hope for good luck - these are the true emotions that overwhelm everyone who read this poem.

Alas, the uprising failed, which was obvious from the very beginning; the balance of power in society at that time was such that there simply was not and could not be a single chance of success. They understood this perfectly well, but did not give up their idea, their feelings and thoughts were strong and pure, and patriotism and civic position took precedence over everything.

After the uprising, Nicholas I returned the poet from exile, and they talked for several hours. No one ever found out what they talked about for so long, what they discussed and what decision they came to. The poet always refused to talk on this topic, and the emperor even more so.

Pushkin mentioned in passing that the emperor assured him that the power given to him would not be used to harm. He wishes only good things for his country, he wants prosperity and development of the empire. He also asked Alexander Sergeevich to help him with this with his creativity. The Emperor sincerely believed that the poet’s work brings light.

The poet was flattered by the king’s attention, but he never renounced his convictions. He did not renounce his friends who remained in hard labor, and regularly sent them parcels and wrote poems, feeding their hope for the best, not allowing it to fade.

Analysis of the work

Analysis of a poem involves determining its genre, size, and the main poetic means used by the author to achieve his goal. The genre of the poem is Pushkin’s most favorite writing style. It is a message that is both friendly, civil and global.

Means of poetic expression are actively used, for example: “Shackles, dungeons, dungeons, gates, convict holes” - all this is directly related to the December events. There are many epithets - “mournful work”, “proud patience”, “dark closures”, “free voice”.

There are a lot of comparisons that are striking in their accuracy: “As my free voice reaches your convict holes.”

To make the text more vivid and rich, it actively uses alliteration on P:

"In the depths of Siberian ores,

Be patient and proud.

Your sorrowful work will not be wasted

And I think about high aspiration.”

The work itself is written in iambic tetrameter.

Useful video

Let's sum it up

The harsh style and bright emotional coloring did not allow the poem to be published. It was officially published only after the poet’s death.

In contact with

“In the depths of Siberian ores...” Alexander Pushkin

Deep in Siberian ores
Keep your proud patience,
Your sorrowful work will not be wasted
And I think about high aspiration.

Unluckily faithful sister,
Hope in a dark dungeon
Will awaken vigor and joy,
The desired time will come:

Love and friendship up to you
They will reach through the dark gates,
Like in your convict holes
My free voice comes through.

The heavy shackles will fall,
The dungeons will collapse and there will be freedom
You will be greeted joyfully at the entrance,
And the brothers will give you the sword.

Analysis of Pushkin’s poem “In the depths of the Siberian ores...”

Alexander Pushkin perceived the events of 1825 as a personal tragedy, when, after a failed uprising, dozens of Decembrists were exiled to hard labor in Siberia. Among them were many of the poet’s friends who were members of secret societies, but did not want to let Pushkin in on their plans. This was explained simply: the future classic of Russian literature was constantly in conflict with the authorities and by 1925 he had been in exile twice. But this did not moderate his ardor, and Pushkin would certainly have become a participant in the uprising if he had known in advance that it would happen.

However, fate decreed otherwise, and during the December events of 1825, the poet was in Mikhailovskoye, where he was actually under house arrest. Subsequently, the poet will remember this with regret, noting that in his soul he supports the endeavors of his comrades. This is confirmed by the poem “In the depths of the Siberian ores...”, written on the occasion of the anniversary of the Decembrist uprising. During the poet’s lifetime it was never published, but Pushkin managed to send it to his friends in Siberia and even received a poetic response from Odoevsky.

The poet took a great risk when he persuaded Muravyov’s wife to deliver this work to the Decembrists. But he understood that his friends, dishonored and humiliated, needed moral support now more than ever. That is why Pushkin nevertheless dared not only to write this poem, but also to forward it to his comrades. Addressing them, the poet emphasizes: “Your sorrowful work and high aspiration will not be lost.” With this phrase, the author predicts that the ideas of the Decembrists will nevertheless come true in the future, and Russia will get rid of the monarchy.

Trying to console his friends, many of whom will no longer be destined to return from Siberia, Pushkin promises: “Love and friendship will reach you through gloomy barriers.” The author is convinced that people will remember the feat of the Decembrists centuries later. At the same time, the poet expresses the hope that fate will be more favorable to the heroes than the tsarist government. “Heavy shackles will fall, prisons will collapse - and freedom will greet you joyfully at the entrance,” notes Pushkin. However, this prediction was never destined to come true, since after a quarter of a century, only a few Decembrists who were able to live up to this moment received amnesty and returned home as very old people, helpless, lonely, deprived of all titles and useless to anyone.

A wonderful poet who is known throughout the world. The best works of the 19th century belong to his pen, which continue to excite even the modern young generation. While studying the history of the Decembrist uprising, every person will definitely read the immortal work of Alexander Pushkin - “In the depths of the Siberian ores...”.

In contact with

Classmates

History of the creation of the work

In 1825, resentment against the Tsarist rule grew. The nobles were the first to defend the rights of the people. Their uprising took place on Senate Square. Pushkin did not participate in this movement, since he was considered a “disgraced” poet and was in exile at that time. Being out of favor with the Emperor , Alexander Sergeevich was in exile for quite a long time.

When information about the events that happened to his Decembrist friends reached Mikhailovskoye, Pushkin regretted that he was so far away and could not personally support his friends. The “disgraced” poet perceived the defeat of the Decembrists as if it were his personal tragedy.

Once, the emperor himself, unable to bear it, asked Alexander Pushkin where he would have been if he had been in St. Petersburg during the Decembrist uprising. Pushkin, without hesitation, immediately answered Nicholas the First that he would be with his friends.

But the friends of the great poet, worried about his fate, tried not to let Alexander Sergeevich know what was going to happen on December 14th. They were members of a secret society for some time, but the poet was not invited there because he was already out of favor with the emperor.

Author's personal tragedy

All the lyceum students who were friends with the “disgraced” poet maintained good and strong relationships until the last days of their lives. For Alexander Sergeevich this lyceum brotherhood was a dear memory of his life, which he sacredly cherished.

On each anniversary of their lyceum graduation, the famous poet wrote a new poetic work, which was dedicated to his fellow lyceum students and their strong friendship.

Among the lyceum students, Alexander Sergeevich had friends: Ivan Pushchin, who visited him in exile, as well as Wilhelm Kuchelbecker. These officers, former lyceum students, just went to Senate Square, after which the emperor ordered their execution. This event became a personal tragedy for the poet.

When the fate of the participants in the December uprising was decided, and they were sent to Siberia, Alexander Pushkin decided to support the Decembrists and, showing courage, wrote the poem “In the depths of the Siberian ores...”. Poet, who wanted to encourage the Decembrists with his message who found themselves in Siberia, dreamed of supporting in their lyceum friends the spirit of freedom and the belief that freedom would still come to their country.

In his work, the poet addresses his friends in exile as a comrade who is still free and fully shares their thoughts, thoughts and “high aspirations.” This poetic work was written almost a year after the uprising, in January 1827.

But before this message reached the Decembrists, it was revised several times by the poet himself. In the original version, the text was placed in the album of Princess Evdokia Rostopchina. But, continuing to work on the poem, the author changed the second and third stanzas, and this helped Pushkin improve it, illuminating him with hope, strong friendship, and love.

The second, revised version of the poetic message has already reached Siberia. Alexandra Muravyova, who visited her Decembrist husband, delivered a letter from Pushkin, which contained a poem, to Siberia.

Freedom.
Hope.
Love.
Misfortune.

The author understood that his friends, who were in exile, deprived of freedom, dignity and honor, needed his support. Therefore, Pushkin dared to write this poem in the genre of a message and tried to do everything to ensure that it was delivered to his Decembrist friends.

In his message, Alexander Sergeevich addresses them, saying that “your sorrowful work will not be wasted.” He believes that their ideas, “high aspirations” will find their embodiment in life. It is known that the idea of freedom is fundamental in the work of the poet himself.

Poetic theme

The main theme of the poem is freedom and loyalty to Decembrist ideas. This theme can be seen in other poetic works of the poet:

"Arion";
"Prophet";
"Stanzas".

But even in the poetic message to the Decembrists, the author’s thought about the heroism and courage of his friends is embodied. To do this, the author uses vocabulary that calls for freedom:

The shutters are “dark”.
The voice is “free”.
The holes are “convicts”.

Another poet, Alexander Odoevsky, responded to Pushkin’s letter to the Decembrists with his own poem. His lines “From a spark will ignite a flame!” became the motto of revolutionaries.

Alexander Pushkin builds his message on oppositions. In the first part of the poem the author talks about the “dark dungeon” where his comrades are, but in the second part, even despite the dungeon, he calls for spiritual freedom. Alexander Sergeevich is trying to bring the future closer for these people, to bring their freedom closer.

First, the author talks about important spiritual values, and then tries to make this inner freedom real. Alexander Pushkin tells future generations about his Decembrist friends as courageous, persistent and courageous people. He shows the reader that if you fight for your ideals, follow your faith in freedom to the end, then a person becomes invincible and will ultimately achieve his goal.

Expressive means

Despite the understanding of the author of the poetic message that his friends would not return from Siberia, he tried to support and console them. Therefore, he wrote that strong friendship and true love would reach them “through dark gates.” Alexander Sergeevich was sure that his friends had accomplished a real feat that would be remembered by all subsequent generations. And in this he was not mistaken.

But in his message Alexander Pushkin nevertheless, he expresses the hope that fate will be more favorable to his friends than the king. The author writes about the hope that the shackles will still fall, the prisons will “collapse,” and these people will be free again. Pushkin hopes that “freedom will welcome you joyfully.” But this Pushkin prediction never came true, since some Decembrists, having survived exile, returned home old, sick and exhausted. Their further life was not happy, they were deprived of all noble privileges and no longer had any titles.

Pushkin uses various means of artistic expression:

Metaphors (“hope in a dark dungeon will awaken vigor”).
Epithets (“proud patience”, “heavy chains”).
Comparisons.
Assonance.

The meter of the work is iambic tetrameter.

With his beautiful and touching poem, Alexander Pushkin tried to convey to readers his experiences and worries for the fate of his people and for the fate of his country.