Pros and cons of gastroscopy under anesthesia. Endoscopy for a child Gastroscopy using a pediatric endoscope

A gastroscope allows the doctor to examine and give an objective assessment of the condition of the child’s internal organs, then make a diagnosis based on the information received. Among the undeniable advantages, it is necessary to highlight the high level of information content, as well as the absolute safety of the examination.

Process

Preparation

The diagnostic procedure is quite complex, and therefore requires preliminary preparation: for any indication, gastroscopy of the child’s stomach should be performed on an empty stomach; The baby should not eat food six hours before the start of the procedure (for infants this period is several times shorter); the procedure is carried out in the presence of the parent, who signs consent to the examination.

Many parents doubt whether their children undergo gastroscopy because of numerous myths about the incredible discomfort that arises during and after the examination. Fortunately, if you set up your child correctly, everything will go smoothly.

Gastroscopy

The baby should lie on his side with his legs slightly bent but his back straight while the doctor inserts the equipment through the mouth, moving it further to the duodenum through the esophagus and stomach. A camera installed inside the gastroscope records all damage to the upper gastrointestinal tract.

The duration of the study can vary from 15 minutes to half an hour. The longest gastroscopy will take place using local anesthesia.

Rehabilitation period

The small patient must spend about an hour in the room after the procedure is completed until the anesthetic wears off. The child needs to drink and eat gradually, following the instructions given by the doctor.

Indications

There are a number of indications for which gastroscopy is performed for children. Among the main ones:

• suspicion of the development of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract;
• indigestion.

For children who accept the examination without fear, local anesthesia can be used. To do this, before the examination begins, the throat and pharynx are irrigated with an anesthetic solution, which helps reduce possible unpleasant sensations that arise during the process. For less calm children, general anesthesia is used.

Contraindications

The procedure is strictly prohibited for children with severe pathologies of the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems. Children with hemophilia, esophageal ulcers, and varicose veins in the esophagus deserve special attention, since these diseases can cause esophagogastric bleeding during the procedure.

Gastroscopy can be postponed to another time if the child is sick with acute gastritis, tonsillitis, or has perforated stomach ulcers.

Complications

After the study, complications rarely occur, but damage to the esophagus, stomach and duodenum is still possible. In this case, reconstructive surgery will be required. There is also a low probability of infection being introduced into the gastrointestinal tract by the equipment used.

Prices and clinics

You can choose a pediatrician on the website. Here you can also see the prices for the initial appointment.

Gastroscopy can rightfully be considered one of the most unpleasant diagnostic procedures. Due to the invasiveness, diagnostics require the patient to maintain composure, patience and unquestioning obedience to the doctor’s instructions. All these requirements are quite feasible if an adult is examined; however, pediatric gastroscopy has significant differences not only in the tactics of pre-procedural preparation, but also in the analysis of the picture obtained as a result of diagnosis.

General concepts

The essence of gastroscopy is to assess the condition of the esophagus, stomach, and in some cases the duodenum, based on the results of a step-by-step visual examination of the mucous surface of all of the above structures of the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

The main impetus for the development of endoscopic research methods was the discovery of fiber optics, which has high resolution and allows image transmission when the fiber is bent in any direction. A modern gastroscope is a flexible structure in the form of a movable tube with a diameter of 0.5 to 1.3 cm, the distal end of which can be easily controlled.

Depending on the volume of research and the technology used, there are:

1. Fibrogastroscopy (FGS). A diagnostic test that evaluates the condition of the esophagus and stomach cavity.
2. Fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FEGDS) or fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS). In this case, in addition to the stomach and esophagus, the duodenum is also examined.
3. Video esophagogastroduodenoscopy (VEGDS). A modern version of gastroscopy, which allows, in addition to conducting the study itself, to record the obtained data on removable media (flash drive, DVD).

When carrying out diagnostics, flexible endoscopes are used mainly, which allow inspection even in the blind spots of the gastrointestinal tract. To carry out surgical or medical manipulations, rigid endoscopes are used, which have a fairly wide cavity for introducing various instruments.

Important! When performing gastroscopy in children, it is necessary to use endoscopic equipment taking into account the child’s age and the width of the esophagus. As a rule, the thickness of the gastroscope used to diagnose pathologies of the upper gastrointestinal tract does not exceed 0.6 cm.

The thickness of the fiber gastroscope tube, used for examining children under 6 years of age, is 0.53 cm thick.

Indications

All indications for gastroscopy in children can be divided into:

• planned;
• emergency.

Planned studies are carried out in the presence of systematically manifested pathological signs or in order to monitor the development of a previously diagnosed disease:

• the child’s inability to eat food due to systematic vomiting or regurgitation (reflux in newborns);
• regularly occurring abdominal pain;
• malformations of the gastrointestinal tract;
• developmental delay associated with insufficient weight gain or even loss;
• the presence of tumors in the esophagus, stomach or duodenum;
• diseases of the biliary tract;
• pancreatic diseases.

Indications for emergency research are acute conditions that require urgent intervention in order to determine the causes and perform manipulations aimed at stabilizing the child’s condition:

• acute gastric bleeding;
• signs of acute intestinal obstruction;
• malformations of the esophagus in newborns;
• presence of foreign objects in the stomach.

A child swallowing foreign objects is a common reason for gastroscopy.

Preparation

Gastroscopy for children is performed strictly on an empty stomach. To do this, immediately before the procedure, the child is not allowed to eat for 8-12 hours. For infants, fasting time should not exceed 6 hours. If an emergency examination is necessary, previously eaten food is removed through a tube.

An important aspect of the pre-procedural preparation of an older child is his psychological attitude. To do this, parents and the doctor explain in an accessible form the importance of the upcoming event, the need to follow all the doctor’s instructions and the order of all the main stages of gastroscopy. All these actions are aimed at minimizing fear or anxiety that could complicate the diagnosis. Half an hour before the upcoming procedure, an atropine injection is given, the dosage of which is selected taking into account the age of the child.

Important! When administering atropine sulfate, it is necessary to completely exclude the presence of congenital or acquired diseases of the cardiovascular system in the child. In the presence of diagnosed or suspected pathologies of the cardiac zone, the administration of atropine is strictly contraindicated.

The method of pain relief also depends on the age of the child, the type of examination (planned or emergency), as well as the severity of his condition. When performing gastroscopy in children from birth to 2 months of life, no anesthesia is used. In the age range from 3 months to 6 years, it is advisable to perform gastroscopy under general anesthesia, since the behavior of children at this age is quite difficult to control.

General anesthesia is not always limited by age and may be indicated in the following cases:

• acute condition;
• diagnostics for the purpose of control in the postoperative period;
• upcoming long-term examination.

For children over 7 years of age, local anesthesia with lidocaine is optimal.

Carrying out

When performing gastroscopy, the child should be in a semi-lying position on the left side. Certain requirements for body position are imposed by the type of endoscope used. So, to carry out diagnosis and treatment using a rigid endoscope, the patient must take a position so that the mouth, pharynx and esophagus are on the same straight line. The introduction of a rigid endoscope is carried out under visual control, the reference point for which is the posterior wall of the pharynx.

Performing gastroscopy using a flexible endoscope is somewhat simpler and much less traumatic for the child. Therefore, rigid structures are used only when absolutely necessary. Before insertion, the end of the gastroscope is bent, giving it a shape that anatomically corresponds to the bend of the oropharynx. Using control levers, the device is fixed in this position and inserted into the patient’s throat. Then, at the doctor’s request, the child must make a swallowing movement, as a result of which the lower pharyngeal sphincter opens and the device freely passes into the esophagus. At the same moment, change the position of the clamps holding the end of the gastroscope in a bent state.

The fact that the device is in the esophagus and not in the trachea is indicated by free breathing and the absence of coughing. To facilitate the passage of the gastroscope through the esophagus, as well as to obtain a good image, air is supplied under low pressure. However, the volume of air must be strictly dosed, since too much inflation of the cavity of the esophagus or stomach can cause discomfort and sometimes even pain.

During the examination, the gastroscope makes the following set of movements:

• advancement into the stomach, starting from the subcardial region and ending with the outlet;
• rotation around its own axis to obtain a complete overview at all stages of the examination;
• movement in the opposite direction while simultaneously re-inspecting all surfaces.

Diagram of the structure of the stomach

Examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract is carried out in the following order:

• subcardial section;
• the beginning of the anterior and posterior walls of the stomach adjacent to the subcardial region;
• fundus of the stomach;
• cardiac zone;
• body of the stomach;
• antrum;
• gatekeeper.

The technique for examining each section of the stomach is carried out according to the following scheme: up -→down and front -→back.

Important! At the end of the procedure, the child should be under the supervision of a doctor until the anesthesia or sedatives used during gastroscopy wear off.

Endoscopic picture

When the esophagus of a healthy child is inflated, its internal mucous membrane is clearly visible on the video monitor, with delicate, easily straightened folds. Normally, it should have a light pink color, a shiny, smooth surface and a rich vascular network, clearly visible along the entire length of the esophagus. With further advancement of the gastroscope, the pink color of the mucous membrane gradually changes from light to more saturated. The zone of stratified squamous epithelium covering the esophagus is separated by a clear boundary from the epithelium lining the inner surface of the stomach.

A distinctive feature of the structure of the gastric mucosa in newborns (from 0 to 3 months of life) is the absence or minimal number of folds, as well as the characteristic severity of the vascular pattern of the esophagus, the intensity of which significantly exceeds the vascularization of the adult esophagus. In the first years of life, the jagged border separating the esophageal and gastric mucosa appears smoother and more curved.

The mucous surface of the stomach in infants has the same structure regardless of the section examined. As a rule, it is pale pink, with clearly visible vessels and a fine-grained surface. When air is supplied, the folds are easily straightened. Changes in the structure of the mucous membrane in accordance with the functional differences in the parts of the stomach can only be seen in a child after 2 years of life.

Endoscopic picture of the stomach of a 10-year-old child - pronounced folding of the mucous surface is visible

High accuracy, from a diagnostic point of view, allows us to identify the following suspected malformations or diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract:

• GER (gastroesophageal reflux)
• inflammatory processes in the esophagus, stomach or duodenum;
• congenital anomalies of the structure of the esophagus (short esophagus, esophageal stenosis);
• hiatal hernia;
• achalasia or chalasia cardia (impaired functioning of the lower esophageal sphincter);
• reflux stenosis;
• pylorospasm;
• varicose veins of the esophagus;
• tumor formations;
• atresia of the esophagus or duodenum.

Important! Despite some trauma, an indicator of the quality of the diagnosis performed is the time it takes. That is, the longer the procedure lasts, the more carefully the doctor examines the patient’s stomach.

Gastroscopy in children can take from 10 to 20 minutes

Contraindications and complications

The absolute need for gastroscopy of the stomach in children is a rather controversial point, since a thin mucous surface with a rich vascular system and an insufficiently wide esophagus significantly increase the risk of injury, up to perforation of the wall of the stomach or esophagus. Quite common complications after gastroscopy are bleeding as a result of even minor damage to the mucous membrane and infection. The latter factor may also be due to insufficient functioning of the child’s immune system.

Absolute contraindications to gastroscopy in childhood include:

• disturbances in the functioning of the cardiovascular system;
• bleeding disorders;
• hemorrhagic diathesis;
• pulmonary failure;
• bronchial asthma.

The list of relative contraindications includes the following conditions:

• inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs;
• inflammatory lung diseases;
• bad feeling.

Inflammatory diseases of the throat are a contraindication to gastroscopy

Important! The use of a gastroscope with a lateral optical system is absolutely contraindicated for varicose veins, gastritis and stomach ulcers. However, these pathologies are not included in the list of absolute contraindications when performing diagnostics using a gastroscope equipped with end optics.

Taking into account all risk factors, before performing gastroscopy, a full range of studies should be carried out, including:

• analysis of the composition of feces for occult blood;
• clinical blood test;
• blood chemistry;
• X-ray of the stomach with contrast;

If the use of all of the above procedures did not allow a final diagnosis to be made or there is insufficient data to develop treatment tactics, gastroscopy is prescribed. In general, the technique of performing gastroscopy in children does not differ significantly from performing a similar procedure in adult patients. However, the physiological and psychological characteristics of the child’s body impose certain requirements on the experience of a doctor who can not only avoid even minimal trauma during the procedure, but also assess in advance the effectiveness and necessity of the upcoming examination, based on the results of previous studies.

Even for those who have never undergone a gastroscopy procedure, this word makes them frown and shudder. A frightening picture immediately appears in your imagination: a long tube being pushed down your throat. And anyone who knows from personal experience how unpleasant this manipulation is will decide to undergo it again only if his life depends on it. Fortunately, modern diagnostic methods can reduce pain during gastroscopy or eliminate it altogether. To do this, they resort to the method of performing the procedure under anesthesia.

Description of the gastroscopy method

Gastroscopy is a method of endoscopic examination of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. It is used when it is necessary to diagnose a disease, perform a biopsy or surgery to eliminate the pathology. The procedure is carried out if the patient complains of indigestion, frequent heartburn, belching, as well as if there is a suspicion of peptic ulcer, gastritis, or tumor formations.

The procedure is carried out using a special device - a gastroscope. It is a long flexible tube, inside of which a fiber-optic system is placed, and at its end is a photo or video camera. The gastroscope is lowered through the patient's mouth down the esophagus into the stomach, the camera transmits the image to the monitor all this time, and the doctor can monitor the condition of every centimeter of the digestive system. Gastroscopy is performed by an endoscopist.

Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated June 2, 2010 No. 425-“On approval of the Procedure for providing medical care to the population for gastroenterological diseases” obliges gastroenterological departments or medical organizations that have a gastroenterologist’s office in their structure to be equipped with two gastroscopes with biopsy kits .

There are several types of gastroscopy:

Traditional endoscopy may be performed with anesthesia, such as ice-caine, or the doctor may ask the patient to take a sedative. Its advantage is the almost complete absence of side effects after the procedure, but it is extremely difficult for patients to tolerate.

Endosonography differs from the previous method in that the ultrasound method is additionally used. This procedure allows you to identify the tumor, determine how deep it has penetrated into the tissue, and choose the right treatment method.

Capsule endoscopy carried out using a wireless video camera, the shape and size of which resembles a tablet in a capsule. The patient swallows the capsule, and during its natural movement through the gastrointestinal tract, it records everything that is happening inside the process, and the image is transmitted to a computer monitor in the doctor’s laboratory. Based on the results of the examined material, the specialist makes a diagnosis. The procedure has many advantages: it is painless, precise, and the capsule is eliminated from the body naturally. But at the same time, during it it is impossible to perform a biopsy or any therapeutic procedure. In addition, capsule endoscopy is expensive: from 50,000 rubles and above.

Gastroscopy under anesthesia performed in cases where any surgical procedure is to be performed: cauterization of erosion, treatment of ulcers, stopping bleeding, etc. In this case, the dosage of the administered drug is calculated strictly individually. After the procedure, the patient must remain under the close supervision of doctors for several hours. Requires a recovery period. Another variation of this procedure under anesthesia is gastroscopy with sedation(in a dream). It eliminates such inconveniences of the traditional method as drooling, gag reflex and others. The patient is immersed in the so-called medicinal sleep exactly for the duration of the procedure. It is widespread in Europe, but not all domestic clinics perform this procedure. After it, you can’t immediately get to work and get behind the wheel.

Indications for gastroscopy under anesthesia

As noted above, gastroscopy is performed for diagnosis, biopsy and treatment procedures.

Anesthesia for gastroscopy is indicated for young children, overly sensitive people, and those who have already undergone this procedure without anesthesia and now refuse it. Often, during a procedure without anesthesia, the gag reflex is triggered, a person can make a sudden movement, all this will interfere with the doctor’s ability to do his job.

Anesthesia is also indicated for patients who need to undergo a biopsy or surgery.

Contraindications for carrying out

The following conditions are identified that prevent gastroscopy:

• pregnancy;
• bronchial asthma;
• blood incoagulability;
• recovery period after a heart attack or stroke;
• mental disorders.

The same contraindications are typical for gastroscopy under anesthesia (except that intolerance to anesthetic drugs is added). However, in the case when a person is in critical condition and the procedure is a matter of life and death, there are no contraindications.

Preparation for the procedure

The first thing you need to do before gastroscopy is to psychologically tune in to it, realizing that the procedure is necessary. At the first stage, the patient is checked for intolerance to anesthesia or allergies to painkillers. The patient undergoes a general blood test and a biomaterial coagulation test. Patients over 55 years of age undergo an electrocardiogram and, based on its results, a conclusion is made whether the procedure can be performed.

On the eve of gastroscopy, if possible, you should stop taking medications. At night, the doctor may allow you to drink a sedative to stop worrying and get enough sleep before the procedure. Gastroscopy is performed on an empty stomach; 10–12 hours before it you must stop eating. Smoking is prohibited 2-3 hours before the test. The patient will be more comfortable if he empties his bladder before the procedure. Before the examination, dentures, jewelry, contact lenses or glasses, if the patient wears them, should be removed.

Just in case, you should take paper and wet wipes with you to the hospital. If an additional sheet or towel is needed, the patient will be warned about this in advance.

How is gastroscopy performed under anesthesia?

The procedure is carried out in a specially equipped room and is performed by an endoscopist. The patient is asked to lie on his side, straighten his back, bend his knees. Then the patient clamps his teeth on the mouthpiece, a device through which the endoscope is inserted. The mouthpiece protects the teeth and at the same time protects the endoscope itself; after all, it is an expensive instrument. When inserting the tube inside, you need to make swallowing movements to move it along the esophagus. When the gastroscope reaches the stomach, the specialist begins to pass air through it to smooth out the folds of the mucous membrane of the internal organs. After this, you can no longer swallow saliva; if it accumulates, the nurse will remove it with a saliva ejector. If surgery or medication is required, it will be very painful for the patient. In this case, the procedure performed under anesthesia is the best option.

When performing gastroscopy under anesthesia, the doctor will not be disturbed by the patient’s reflexes, and he, in turn, will not experience pain. The endoscopist will be able to work calmly while performing therapeutic procedures.

The procedure takes 10–20 minutes.

After the procedure

Upon completion of gastroscopy, the patient may experience a feeling of bloating, belching, and nausea. Within two days after the procedure, the presence of these conditions is normal. After gastroscopy under anesthesia, among other things, the patient may experience slight dizziness. But if you don’t feel well, you should consult a doctor. You also need to return to the clinic if severe, incessant pain in the stomach appears, the temperature rises, vomiting begins with the release of blood, and the stool becomes liquid and black.

If the procedure was performed by experienced specialists using modern equipment, then complications are unlikely to arise. Nevertheless, they cannot be excluded from attention.

Prices for gastroscopy under anesthesia in Moscow clinics

The procedure is performed on an outpatient basis in many medical institutions. Its cost ranges from 3,700 to 11,000 rubles, but can reach higher values. The cost of the procedure is determined by the level of the medical institution, the “renown” of the clinic, the qualifications of specialists, additional tests performed, the complexity of the work, and the quality of the equipment.

Gastroscopic examination is a type of endoscopy methods for the mucous membranes of the upper digestive tract - the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. Other alternative methods for examining these organs are fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS), esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS), fibrogastroscopy (FGS). Carrying out such an examination is possible only by appointment of a qualified specialist; the patient cannot carry out such diagnostic procedures at his own request.

Gastroscopy is considered the most informative examination method; it is prescribed for diagnosing pathological processes in the gastrointestinal organs. This procedure does not pose a threat to the life and health of the patient, although it does bring some discomfort. That is why, when prescribing a gastroscopy for a child, many parents want the procedure to be carried out in their sleep.

In our article we want to talk about how the digestive tract is diagnosed in children, what the features of the procedure are, and in what cases anesthesia is necessary. And also provide information about the indications and contraindications for gastroscopy under anesthesia for children.

Principle of endoscopic examination

Gastroscopy of the stomach is performed using a flexible probe with a fiber-optic system placed inside it. Due to the fact that the distal section of the fiber gastroscope is movable, specialists are given the opportunity to examine in detail all areas of the mucous membranes of the digestive tract.

This procedure is used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Currently, surgical interventions performed using endoscopic equipment are becoming popular. In some cases, they make it possible to avoid abdominal operations; for example, gastrointestinal bleeding can be stopped using clipping (squeezing vessels with special “pinches”).

Gastroscopy is performed in public outpatient clinics and private clinics. In terms of the accuracy of the final data, this diagnostic procedure surpasses all x-ray techniques; it can be performed by children of any age.

There are a number of pathological processes, if the development of which is suspected, a pediatric gastroscopy is prescribed

Most often, examination of the digestive organs is prescribed for:

• congenital pyloric stenosis – abnormal development of the muscle of the distal stomach (pylorus);
• esophageal atresia - a malformation of its development associated with the absence of a lumen;
• chemical burns of the esophagus and stomach;
• congenital diaphragmatic hernia - a defect of the diaphragm in which the abdominal organs move into the chest;
• the presence of foreign bodies in the digestive tract;
• reflux esophagitis – deterioration of motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract;
• gastritis – inflammation of the gastric mucosa;
• peptic ulcer;
• duodenitis - inflammation of the duodenal mucosa.

An examination of the digestive organs using an endoscope is prescribed by a qualified pediatric specialist based on the indications for gastroscopy. A diagnostic procedure is necessary if the child has the following symptoms:

• vomiting scarlet or coffee-ground-colored blood;
• black stools (“tarry”);
• severe cramp-like pain in the epigastric region;
• regularly occurring nausea;
• appetite disorders;
• significant weight loss;
• slowing down the physical development of young children.

Use of anesthesia

Performing gastroscopy without discomfort is the desire of all patients. Despite the fact that the child experiences virtually no pain during the study, most parents worry about this.

To reduce the gag reflex, before introducing the endoscope into the child, the throat is irrigated with a solution of Lidocaine (local anesthetic)

Gastroscopy under general anesthesia is performed at the request of the parents of the sick baby or if there are appropriate indications. The procedure for medical personnel in such cases does not change; the procedure is carried out as follows:

1. Mandatory disinfection of the gastroscope is carried out.
2. The child is placed on his left side.
3. Anesthesia is administered intravenously.
4. A mouthpiece is inserted into a small patient lying down, through which a probe is inserted.
5. The doctor, monitoring the baby’s breathing, carefully advances the endoscope into the esophagus and smoothly lowers it to the bottom of the stomach.
6. The movement of the gastroscope stops, the mucous membranes are examined - the image can be observed on the monitor of the device.
7. At the end of the manipulations, you can take a picture, which is later attached to the outpatient card. The probe is carefully removed.

After the end of the gastroscopy, the child remains under the supervision of medical workers until the anesthesia completely wears off. The diagnostic procedure takes no more than a quarter of an hour, the duration of the manipulation increases when taking a sample of biomaterial for biopsy or when removing a foreign body.

What does a doctor pay attention to when studying the digestive organs?

During the examination of the mucous membranes, it is very important to note the amount of gastric juice, the shade of the membranes, the size and condition of the folds of the organ, the presence of swelling and ulcerations, the motility of the stomach - the tone of its muscular membranes.

To improve visibility during diagnostics, air can be introduced into the organ cavity, and if necessary, additional medical equipment can be used to perform therapeutic procedures. When choosing a medical institution where gastroscopy will be performed, parents should take into account the qualifications of specialists and availability of modern equipment.

When is gastroscopy contraindicated for a child?

This procedure is prescribed much less frequently in childhood. This fact is due to its invasiveness and some contraindications. First of all, examination using an endoscopic probe is a huge burden and stress for the entire child’s body.

That is why practicing pediatric doctors try to limit themselves to laboratory methods and other non-invasive methods to confirm the diagnosis of a pathological process.

When prescribing an endoscopic examination of the stomach for children, a number of factors are taken into account that make this procedure undesirable.

These include an enlarged thyroid gland, impaired blood clotting processes, arterial hypertension, and physical exhaustion. The list of contraindications continues with cardiovascular or pulmonary insufficiency, aortic aneurysm, congenital heart defects, and esophageal strictures.

Gastroscopy is prohibited for a child with severe curvature of the spine or chest deformation, or various mental disorders

If a child has a sore throat, rhinitis, tracheitis or bronchitis, the examination should be postponed until complete recovery.

Activities necessary for proper preparation for gastric diagnostics

Gastroscopic examination is performed on an empty stomach. The last meal is taken eight hours before the procedure. When performing the procedure under general anesthesia, fasting is required for 10 hours. Breastfed babies are not fed five hours before gastroscopy.

They try to have children examined in the morning. That is why, to perform diagnostics, it is enough not to give water or feed the child after waking up from sleep. For children, this procedure is quite a difficult test. It is important for parents to have a positive attitude towards their child. You need to explain the need for the examination, you can promise to buy a new toy after its completion. This will help calm your child's anxiety.

To carry out the diagnosis you will need a diaper, a sheet and a towel. The presence of parents in the manipulation room is undesirable. This distracts the baby and interferes with the coordinated actions of medical workers.

What complications can occur after gastroscopy?

Normally, examination of children is not accompanied by any consequences - the use of modern equipment by competent doctors allows such an unpleasant manipulation to be carried out without unwanted complications. The diagnostic procedure can be performed even on infants.

In some cases, the child may complain of nausea, which goes away a few hours after gastroscopy.

Nausea may be associated with individual sensitivity to the drug used for general anesthesia. Very rarely observed:

• discomfort in the throat;
• minor pain in the digestive tract due to micro-scratches on the walls of the esophagus as a result of damage to the mucous membranes by the probe;
• damage to the hyaline cartilages of the pharynx and larynx may occur due to inaccurate advancement of the gastroscope;
• bleeding caused by damage to a large tumor formation - this case is a direct indication for immediate surgical intervention.

However, gastroscopy in a state of medicated sleep is considered a fairly simple and safe procedure for children. The only conditions for its implementation are high-quality equipment, highly qualified medical specialists and compliance with all rules of preparation for the study.

In modern medicine, one of the most effective methods for assessing the condition of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum is gastroscopy. It allows you to identify a number of serious diseases and prescribe timely treatment. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EDGS, FDGS) is carried out using an endoscope, which is inserted through the oral cavity, gradually moving it into the esophagus. According to statistics, about 50% of patients refuse to undergo this unpleasant examination, but today it is possible to conduct an examination with anesthesia. FDGS under anesthesia allows you to make an accurate diagnosis without causing pain to the patient. .

Indications and contraindications for the procedure

Gastroscopy can be prescribed for the purpose of preventive examination of the gastrointestinal tract, to monitor the effectiveness of treatment, as well as to take tissue samples (biopsy).

The study makes it possible to determine the causes of the following symptoms:

• pain in the epigastric region associated with eating;
• heartburn;
• nausea and vomiting;
• a feeling of heaviness and bloating that is constant.

Contraindications to gastroscopy are serious forms of mental disorders, as well as acute heart diseases. Diagnostics is not recommended for patients suffering from severe respiratory failure, hypertensive crisis and during the rehabilitation period after a heart attack and stroke. Gastroscopy in a dream is mandatory for people with a low pain threshold, a labile psyche, and children under 12 years of age.

Price for FDGS under anesthesia

Examination of the digestive system is used today to detect benign and malignant neoplasms, erosion of the stomach and duodenum, polyps, bleeding, infectious and inflammatory diseases. The cost of the procedure in Moscow varies between 2-25 thousand rubles and depends on the class of the clinic, the equipment used during the study, as well as the type of anesthesia. Prices for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (FDGS) under anesthesia with sedation do not exceed 10-12 thousand rubles.

The procedure itself takes 20-30 minutes. The method of pain relief is selected based on the condition of the esophagus, the general clinical picture and the purpose of the examination. Gastroscopy under anesthesia in Moscow is implemented using the following types of anesthesia:

• local painkillers;
• sedation method;
• general anesthesia.

The first method of pain relief helps reduce discomfort, but does not guarantee that the diagnosis will be completely painless. This is why patients often prefer drug-induced sleep or general anesthesia. It is important to know that gastroscopy of the stomach under anesthesia should only be performed under the supervision of a qualified anesthesiologist.

Carrying out the procedure in a dream involves taking medications that have a short-term sedative effect. Thus, the patient is in a state of half-asleep, while the doctor carries out an examination or performs the necessary manipulations. Prices for gastroscopy in a dream using sedation do not exceed 10-12 thousand rubles.

General anesthesia for examination of the digestive tract is rarely used. This option is considered indispensable when there are emergency indications for performing the procedure. To make gastroscopy under anesthesia as safe as possible for the patient, the anesthesiologist’s workplace must be equipped with devices and medications to provide emergency care.

Before performing a gastroscopy under anesthesia, inform your attending physician that you have allergies to medications or pathologies for which anesthesia may be contraindicated.

Gastroscopy (EDGS, FDGS) of the stomach under anesthesia in Moscow

Endoscopic examination of the digestive tract is today performed in specialized centers and clinics in the capital. When choosing an institution for gastroscopy under anesthesia in Moscow, pay attention to the class and quality of the equipment, as well as the presence of an anesthesiologist with the appropriate license on staff. The safety of diagnostic testing with anesthesia largely depends on the professionalism of this specialist.

If you are looking for where to have gastroscopy under anesthesia at an affordable price, contact the Open Clinic surgical center. Experienced specialists will conduct the examination painlessly and without negative consequences for your body.